Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.
Department of Philosophy and History of Science, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.
BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2023 Mar 14;23(1):175. doi: 10.1186/s12884-023-05468-x.
A recent study focusing on dietary predictors of nausea and vomiting in pregnancy (NVP) found that women with higher levels of partner support, and those who had used oral contraception (OC) when they met the father, both tended to report less severe NVP compared with previous non-users or those with less supportive partners. We provide a further test of these factors, using a large sample of women from four countries who retrospectively scored their NVP experience during their first pregnancy.
We recruited women who had at least one child to participate in a retrospective online survey. In total 2321 women completed our questionnaire including items on demographics, hormonal contraception, NVP, and partner support. We used general linear models and path analysis to analyse our data.
Women who had used OC when they met the father of their first child tended to report lower levels of NVP, but the effect size was small and did not survive adding the participant's country to the model. There was no relationship between NVP and partner support in couples who were still together, but there was a significant effect among those couples that had since separated: women whose ex-partner had been relatively supportive reported less severe NVP. Additional analyses showed that women who were older during their first pregnancy reported less severe NVP, and there were also robust differences between countries.
These results provide further evidence for multiple influences on women's experience of NVP symptoms, including levels of perceived partner support.
最近一项关于妊娠恶心和呕吐（NVP）饮食预测因素的研究发现，与之前未使用过或伴侣支持较少的女性相比，伴侣支持程度较高的女性和与父亲相识时使用过口服避孕药（OC）的女性，往往报告的 NVP 症状较轻。我们使用来自四个国家的大量女性样本，对这些因素进行了进一步的测试，这些女性在第一次怀孕时回顾性地对她们的 NVP 经历进行了评分。
我们招募了至少有一个孩子的女性参与一项回顾性在线调查。共有 2321 名女性完成了我们的问卷，其中包括人口统计学、激素避孕、NVP 和伴侣支持等项目。我们使用一般线性模型和路径分析来分析我们的数据。
与父亲相识时使用过 OC 的女性往往报告的 NVP 水平较低，但效应大小较小，并且在将参与者的国家添加到模型中后并不存在。在仍然在一起的夫妇中，NVP 与伴侣支持之间没有关系，但在已经分居的夫妇中存在显著关系：报告 NVP 症状较轻的女性，其前夫相对支持她们。进一步的分析表明，在第一次怀孕时年龄较大的女性报告的 NVP 症状较轻，而且各国之间也存在明显差异。
这些结果提供了更多证据，证明了对女性 NVP 症状体验的多种影响，包括感知到的伴侣支持水平。
