Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
Rev Paul Pediatr. 2023 Mar 13;41:e2021312. doi: 10.1590/1984-0462/2023/41/2021312. eCollection 2023.
To analyze the lipid profile and cardiovascular risk of overweight and obese adolescents and correlate the findings with anthropometric measurements.
This is a cross-sectional study on overweight and obese adolescents of both sexes (aged 14 to 18 years old). The collected variables were sex, weight, height, age, total cholesterol, triglycerides, High-density lipoprotein (HDL) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL). The Atherogenic Index of Plasma and Castelli Risk Indices I and II were calculated. These indices were classified into cutoff points to stratify cardiovascular risk. The anthropometric profile was evaluated by Z score according to Body Mass Index for age. Significance level was considered as p≤0.05.
A total of 146 adolescents participated in the study; the mean age was 16.4±1.1 years and most of them were girls (74.7%) and obese (52.7%). The prevalent dyslipidemias were high triglycerides (47.9%), LDL (26.7%), total cholesterol (37.7%), and low HDL (46.6%). Most adolescents presented increased atherogenic risk according to the Atherogenic Index of Plasma (55.5%); 15.1% presented high cardiovascular risk according to Castelli Risk Index I; and 13.7%, according to Castelli Risk Index II. Boys presented higher values of anthropometric measurements and Castelli Risk Indices I and II in relation to girls - who, conversely, presented higher values of HDL. There was a positive correlation of the Z score with Atherogenic Index of Plasma and a negative correlation with HDL.
The adolescents of the study presented high prevalence of cardiovascular and atherogenic risk according to the evaluated indices. In addition, the increased cardiovascular risk was correlated with higher Body Mass Index.
分析超重和肥胖青少年的血脂状况和心血管风险，并将研究结果与人体测量学测量值相关联。
这是一项针对超重和肥胖青少年（年龄在 14 至 18 岁之间）的横断面研究。收集的变量包括性别、体重、身高、年龄、总胆固醇、甘油三酯、高密度脂蛋白（HDL）和低密度脂蛋白（LDL）。计算了血浆致动脉粥样硬化指数和卡斯特利风险指数 I 和 II。这些指数被分类为截断值，以分层心血管风险。根据年龄的体重指数（BMI）对人体测量学特征进行 Z 评分评估。显著性水平被认为是 p≤0.05。
共有 146 名青少年参与了这项研究；平均年龄为 16.4±1.1 岁，其中大多数为女孩（74.7%）和肥胖（52.7%）。最常见的血脂异常是高甘油三酯（47.9%）、LDL（26.7%）、总胆固醇（37.7%）和低 HDL（46.6%）。根据血浆致动脉粥样硬化指数（Atherogenic Index of Plasma，AIP），大多数青少年呈现出增加的致动脉粥样硬化风险（55.5%）；根据卡斯特利风险指数 I，有 15.1%呈现出高心血管风险；根据卡斯特利风险指数 II，有 13.7%呈现出高心血管风险。与女孩相比，男孩的人体测量学测量值和卡斯特利风险指数 I 和 II 更高——而女孩的 HDL 值更高。Z 评分与血浆致动脉粥样硬化指数呈正相关，与 HDL 呈负相关。
根据评估指标，研究中的青少年表现出高心血管和致动脉粥样硬化风险。此外，心血管风险的增加与更高的 BMI 相关。
