Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil.
Rev Paul Pediatr. 2023 Mar 13;41:e2022023. doi: 10.1590/1984-0462/2023/41/2022023. eCollection 2023.
To describe the changes in lifestyle behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic in children and adolescents with congenital heart disease and to investigate the association of congenital heart disease complexity with lifestyle behavior changes.
Cross-sectional study with 127 children and adolescents with congenital heart disease, who underwent cardiac procedure (mean postoperative time: 10.11±3.13 years), conducted between December 2020 and January 2021. Lifestyle behaviors, such as dietary intake, physical activity, sedentary behavior, and sleep, were assessed through telephone interview based on validated questionnaires. Dietary patterns were identified using principal component analysis. Frequency of general and specific combinations of healthy and unhealthy lifestyle behavior changes was evaluated. Multinomial logistic regressions were used to test the association between congenital heart disease complexity and changes in lifestyle behavior.
The main lifestyle behaviors acquired during pandemic were: 83.5% decreased physical activity; 37.0% increased sedentary behavior; 26.0% slept more than usual; and 23.6% adopted a less-healthy dietary pattern. Almost half of the participants (41.8%) had at least one unhealthy change in lifestyle behavior. Complex congenital heart diseases were associated with increased sedentary behavior (OR 3.49, 95%CI 1.23-9.90).
Children and adolescents with congenital heart disease had unhealthy lifestyle behavior during the pandemic, mainly in the form of reduced physical activity and increased sedentary behavior.
描述 COVID-19 大流行期间先天性心脏病儿童和青少年生活方式行为的变化，并探讨先天性心脏病复杂程度与生活方式行为变化的关系。
这是一项横断面研究，共纳入了 127 名接受过心脏手术（平均术后时间：10.11±3.13 年）的先天性心脏病儿童和青少年，于 2020 年 12 月至 2021 年 1 月期间通过电话访谈基于经过验证的问卷进行生活方式行为评估，如饮食摄入、身体活动、久坐行为和睡眠等。采用主成分分析识别膳食模式。评估一般和特定的健康与不健康生活方式行为变化组合的发生频率。采用多项逻辑回归检验先天性心脏病复杂程度与生活方式行为变化之间的关系。
大流行期间获得的主要生活方式行为包括：83.5%的参与者身体活动减少；37.0%的参与者久坐行为增加；26.0%的参与者比平时睡得更多；23.6%的参与者采用了不太健康的饮食模式。近一半的参与者（41.8%）至少有一种不健康的生活方式行为改变。复杂的先天性心脏病与久坐行为增加有关（OR 3.49，95%CI 1.23-9.90）。
COVID-19 大流行期间，先天性心脏病儿童和青少年的生活方式行为不健康，主要表现为身体活动减少和久坐行为增加。
