Gómez-Soria Isabel, Ferreira Chelo, Oliván-Blázquez Bárbara, Aguilar-Latorre Alejandra, Calatayud Estela
Department of Physiatry and Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; Institute for Health Research Aragón (IIS Aragón), building CIBA, Avda. San Juan Bosco, 13, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain.
Department of Applied Mathematics and IUMA, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, University of Zaragoza, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain.
Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 2023 Jul;110:104984. doi: 10.1016/j.archger.2023.104984. Epub 2023 Mar 4.
Cognitive stimulation (CS) is defined as activities that involve cognitive processing, usually conducted in a social context and often in a group. This study aims to evaluate the effects of a personalized-adapted CS program in older adults on global cognition, neuropsychological constructs, activities of daily living (ADLs), and mood.
The randomized controlled single-blind trial involving 337 participants (235 women and 102 men) ≥ 65 years of age in a Primary Care centre classified participants into 4 groups: 101 for the no deterioration (ND) group; 100 for the subjective cognitive impairment (SCI) group; 108 for the level deterioration (LD) group and 28 for the moderate deterioration group. The intervention consisted of a personalized CS adapted program for 10 weeks. Follow-up assessments were conducted post-intervention, and at 6 and 12 months. The primary outcome was global cognition measured by the Spanish version of the Mini-Mental State Examination. The secondary outcomes were measured by the Barthel Index, the Lawton and Brody Scale, the Goldberg Questionnaire (anxiety sub-scale) and the abbreviated Yesavage Geriatric Depression Scale.
The intervention showed a tendency of improvement on global cognition and different cognitive functions for groups with no deterioration or level deterioration. The group with moderate deterioration improved in anxiety.
The findings demonstrated benefits in global cognition, different cognitive functions, semantic fluency, IADLs and anxiety. The most benefits are given in the intermediate groups, SCI, and LD. Moreover, the intervention works by increasing the benefits in the different phases.
认知刺激（CS）被定义为涉及认知加工的活动，通常在社交环境中进行，且常常是群体性的。本研究旨在评估一项针对老年人的个性化适配认知刺激计划对整体认知、神经心理学结构、日常生活活动（ADL）及情绪的影响。
在一家初级保健中心进行的随机对照单盲试验，纳入了337名年龄≥65岁的参与者（235名女性和102名男性），将参与者分为4组：无衰退（ND）组101人；主观认知障碍（SCI）组100人；轻度衰退（LD）组108人；中度衰退组28人。干预措施为一项为期10周的个性化适配认知刺激计划。在干预后、6个月及12个月时进行随访评估。主要结局指标是用西班牙语版简易精神状态检查表测量的整体认知。次要结局指标通过巴氏指数、洛顿和布罗迪量表、戈德堡问卷（焦虑子量表）及简易耶萨维奇老年抑郁量表进行测量。
对于无衰退或轻度衰退组，干预在整体认知和不同认知功能方面显示出改善趋势。中度衰退组的焦虑状况有所改善。
研究结果表明，在整体认知、不同认知功能、语义流畅性、工具性日常生活活动及焦虑方面有获益。在中间组，即主观认知障碍组和轻度衰退组中获益最大。此外，干预在不同阶段通过增加获益发挥作用。
