Liu Hai, Wei Wei, Huang Jian-Min, Zhao Guo-Hong
Public Geological Survey Management Center in Anhui Province, Hefei 230091, China.
College of Architecture and Urban-Rural Planning, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611830, China.
Huan Jing Ke Xue. 2023 Mar 8;44(3):1686-1697. doi: 10.13227/j.hjkx.202203292.
In order to explore the pollution characteristics and health risks of heavy metals in a soil-crop system in the Anhui section of the Yangtze River basin, a total of 338 groups of soil samples from rice, wheat, and their roots were collected, and the contents of eight types of heavy metals were determined. Additionally, the pollution index method, potential ecological hazard, multivariate statistical analysis, and health risk were used to evaluate the heavy metal content in rice and wheat root soil. The results showed that Cd, Cu, Cr, and Ni in the soil had an obvious accumulation effect, and the pollution of rice root soil was more serious than that of wheat soil. The potential ecological risk was mild to moderate, which mainly came from the elements Cd and Hg. Multivariate statistical analysis showed that Cu, Pb, Zn, and Cd were industrial sources and agricultural sources; Cr and Ni were natural sources; and As and Hg were agricultural sources. The absorption and enrichment intensity of heavy metals by rice was in the order of Cd>Zn>Cu>Hg>Ni>As>Cr=Pb, and those in wheat were ordered as Zn>Cd>Cu>Hg>Ni>As=Pb>Cr. The root soil heavy metal health risk assessment indicated that oral intake was the main exposure route of non-carcinogenic risk, and children were more vulnerable to heavy metal pollution. Non-carcinogenic risk assessment showed that wheat root soil posed non-carcinogenic risk to children but no carcinogenic risk. Intake of rice and wheat had some degree of non-carcinogenic risk and unacceptable carcinogenic risk for both adults and children.
为探究长江流域安徽段土壤-作物系统中重金属的污染特征及健康风险，共采集了338组水稻、小麦及其根系的土壤样本，测定了8种重金属的含量。此外，采用污染指数法、潜在生态危害、多元统计分析和健康风险评估水稻和小麦根际土壤中的重金属含量。结果表明，土壤中Cd、Cu、Cr和Ni有明显的累积效应，水稻根际土壤污染比小麦土壤更严重。潜在生态风险为轻度至中度，主要来自Cd和Hg元素。多元统计分析表明，Cu、Pb、Zn和Cd为工业源和农业源；Cr和Ni为自然源；As和Hg为农业源。水稻对重金属的吸收和富集强度顺序为Cd>Zn>Cu>Hg>Ni>As>Cr=Pb，小麦为Zn>Cd>Cu>Hg>Ni>As=Pb>Cr。根际土壤重金属健康风险评估表明，经口摄入是非致癌风险的主要暴露途径，儿童对重金属污染更敏感。非致癌风险评估表明，小麦根际土壤对儿童有非致癌风险，但无致癌风险。食用水稻和小麦对成人和儿童均有一定程度的非致癌风险和不可接受的致癌风险。
