鼻窦内基底细胞样肿瘤 10 大常见病变。
Top 10 Basaloid Neoplasms of the Sinonasal Tract.
机构信息
Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine in Plzen, Charles University, Plzen, Czech Republic.
Bioptic Laboratory Ltd, Plzen, Czech Republic.
出版信息
Head Neck Pathol. 2023 Mar;17(1):16-32. doi: 10.1007/s12105-022-01508-8. Epub 2023 Mar 16.
BACKGROUND
Basaloid neoplasms of the sinonasal tract represent a significant group of tumors with histological overlap but often with different etiologies (i.e., viral, genetics), clinical management, and prognostic significance.
METHODS
Review.
RESULTS
"Basaloid" generally refers to cells with coarse chromatin in round nuclei and sparse cytoplasm, resembling cells of epithelial basal layers or imparting an "immature" appearance. Tumors with this characteristic in the sinonasal tract are represented by a spectrum of benign to high-grade malignant neoplasms, such as adenoid cystic carcinoma, NUT carcinoma, sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma, SWI/SNF complex-deficient carcinomas, and adamantinoma-like Ewing sarcoma.
CONCLUSION
In some instances, histology alone may be sufficient for diagnosis. However, limited biopsy material or fine-needle aspiration specimens may be particularly challenging. Therefore, often other diagnostic procedures, including a combination of histology, immunohistochemistry (IHC), DNA and RNA testing, and molecular genetics are necessary to establish an accurate diagnosis.
背景
鼻腔鼻窦的基底细胞肿瘤是一组具有显著组织学重叠特征的肿瘤，但通常具有不同的病因（即病毒、遗传因素）、临床管理和预后意义。
方法
综述。
结果
“基底样”通常是指圆形核中粗颗粒状染色质和稀疏细胞质的细胞，类似于上皮基底细胞层的细胞或呈现“不成熟”的外观。鼻腔鼻窦中具有这种特征的肿瘤表现为一系列从良性到高级别恶性的肿瘤，如腺样囊性癌、NUT 癌、鼻腔鼻窦未分化癌、SWI/SNF 复合物缺陷型癌和类似于造釉细胞瘤的尤文肉瘤。
结论
在某些情况下，仅凭组织学检查可能就足以诊断。然而，有限的活检材料或细针抽吸标本可能特别具有挑战性。因此，通常需要其他诊断程序，包括组织学、免疫组织化学（IHC）、DNA 和 RNA 检测以及分子遗传学的组合，以建立准确的诊断。
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