From the Division of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont. (Baltzer, Lipa, Snell); the Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Ont. (Jakubowski).
From the Division of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont. (Baltzer, Lipa, Snell); the Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Ont. (Jakubowski)
Can J Surg. 2023 Mar 17;66(2):E132-E138. doi: 10.1503/cjs.009321. Print 2023 Mar-Apr.
The number of surgical residents experiencing childbearing during residency training is increasing, and there is an absence of clarity with respect to parental-leave, lactation and return-to-work policies in support of residents. The aim of this review was to examine parental-leave policies during residency training in surgery and the perceptions of these policies by residents, program directors and coresidents, as described in the literature.
We performed a scoping review of the literature based on the following themes: maternity or parental-leave policies; antepartum work-restriction policies and obstetric complications; accommodations for training absences; support for, and perceptions of, maternity or parental leave during residency training; and challenges upon return to work, namely resident performance and breastfeeding.
Parental-leave policies during surgical residency training have historically lacked clarity and enforcement. Although recommendations for parental leave are now in place, this may have historically contributed to a lack of perceived support for surgical residents and may result in variable leave permitted to residents. Unclear policies may also contribute to career dissatisfaction among resident parents, which may deter qualified individuals from selecting surgical subspecialties.
A call for a cultural shift is required to inform policies that would better support residents across all surgical specialties to pursue success in their dual roles as parents and surgeons. With increased awareness, progress in policy and guideline development is under way.
在住院医师培训期间，越来越多的外科住院医师选择生育，而关于支持住院医师的育儿假、哺乳假和返岗政策尚不清楚。本综述的目的是检查外科住院医师培训期间的育儿假政策，以及文献中描述的住院医师、项目主任和住院医师对这些政策的看法。
我们根据以下主题对文献进行了范围综述：产妇或育儿假政策；产前工作限制政策和产科并发症；培训缺勤的适应；对住院医师培训期间的育儿假的支持和看法；以及重返工作岗位时的挑战，即居民表现和母乳喂养。
外科住院医师培训期间的育儿假政策历来缺乏明确性和执行力。尽管现在已经有了育儿假的建议，但这可能导致了对外科住院医师支持的缺乏，也可能导致允许住院医师休假的时间长短不一。不明确的政策也可能导致住院医师家长对职业不满，这可能会阻止合格的人选择外科亚专业。
需要进行文化转变，制定更好的政策，以支持所有外科专业的住院医师在其作为父母和外科医生的双重角色中取得成功。随着认识的提高，政策和指南的制定正在取得进展。
