Memorial University of Newfoundland, Canada; Shifa College of Nursing in Islamabad, Pakistan.
Al-Shifa Eye Trust Hospital in Islamabad, Pakistan; RIPAH University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
J Prof Nurs. 2019 Jul-Aug;35(4):260-276. doi: 10.1016/j.profnurs.2019.01.008. Epub 2019 Feb 5.
Calls to action have been placed for recruitment of more men to address nursing shortage and to achieve a better balance and diversity in workforce. Studies also indicated patients' demand for male nurses. Despite this, male nursing students experience challenges during their education resulting in their attrition. No reviews have explored this research area. This review explored the challenges of male nursing students during their education and identified strategies used to tackle these challenges.
Literature was searched within three databases using indexed search phrases and 1 mixed-methods, six quantitative, and 36 qualitative studies (n = 43), published from December 1990 to May 2018, were reviewed. The qualitative and quantitative data were separately extracted and analyzed using thematic synthesis and narrative summaries, and then compared using joint displays.
"Call me a nurse" and "Male nurses understand us better: Need more men in nursing" were the prominent themes. An array of educational and clinical challenges was identified. Students used appraisal-focused, problem-focused, and social support strategies to tackle these challenges.
Considering the identified challenges, the lack of support and efforts from educators and institutions, we reiterate calls to action for strategic policies to help male nursing students adapt to educational and clinical learning environments and to increase their recruitment and retention in nursing.
为了解决护理人员短缺问题，实现劳动力更好的平衡和多样性，呼吁招募更多的男性从事护理工作。研究还表明，患者对男护士有需求。尽管如此，男护生在接受教育的过程中还是会遇到挑战，导致他们流失。目前还没有对这一研究领域进行审查。本综述探讨了男护生在教育过程中所面临的挑战，并确定了应对这些挑战所采用的策略。
在三个数据库中使用索引搜索词搜索文献，并对 1 项混合方法、6 项定量研究和 36 项定性研究（n=43）进行了综述，这些研究的发表时间从 1990 年 12 月至 2018 年 5 月。使用主题合成和叙事总结分别提取和分析定性和定量数据，然后使用联合展示进行比较。
“称我为护士”和“男护士更理解我们：护理行业需要更多男性”是突出的主题。确定了一系列教育和临床挑战。学生们使用评估聚焦、问题聚焦和社会支持策略来应对这些挑战。
考虑到所确定的挑战，以及教育者和机构缺乏支持和努力，我们再次呼吁采取战略政策，帮助男护生适应教育和临床学习环境，并增加他们在护理行业的招募和留用。
