全面分析 33 株感染家鸡的艾美尔球虫完整线粒体基因组组装体的分子特征。

Comprehensive molecular characterization of complete mitogenome assemblies of 33 Eimeria isolates infecting domestic chickens.

机构信息

Department of Parasitology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, 611130, China.

Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Konan Minato-Ku, Tokyo, 1088477, Japan.

出版信息

Parasit Vectors. 2023 Mar 19;16(1):109. doi: 10.1186/s13071-023-05712-5.

DOI:10.1186/s13071-023-05712-5

PMID:36935516

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10026407/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Coccidiosis caused by Eimeria is one of the most severe chicken diseases and poses a great economic threat to the poultry industry. Understanding the evolutionary biology of chicken Eimeria parasites underpins development of new interactions toward the improved prevention and control of this poultry disease.

METHODS

We presented an evolutionary blueprint of chicken coccidia by genetically characterizing complete mitogenome assemblies of 33 isolates representing all seven known Eimeria species infecting chickens in China. Further genome- and gene-level phylogenies were also achieved to better understand the evolutionary relationships of these chicken Eimeria at the species level.

RESULTS

33 mitogenomes of chicken eimerian parasites ranged from 6148 bp to 6480 bp in size and encoded typical mitochondrial compositions of apicomplexan parasites including three protein-coding genes (PCGs), seven fragmented small subunit (SSU) and 12/13 fragmented large subunit (LSU) rRNAs. Comparative genomics provided an evolutionary scenario for the genetic diversity of PCGs-cytochrome c oxidase subunits 1 and 3 (cox1 and cox3) and cytochrome b (cytb); all were under purifying selection with cox1 and cox3 being the lowest and highest evolutionary rates, respectively. Genome-wide phylogenies classified the 33 Eimeria isolates into seven subgroups, and furthermore Eimeria tenella and Eimeria necatrix were determined to be more closely related to each other than to the other eight congenic species. Single/concatenated mitochondrial protein gene-based phylogenies supported cox1 as the genetic marker for evolutionary and phylogenetic studies for avain coccidia.

CONCLUSIONS

To our knowledge, these are the first population-level mitogenomic data on the genus Eimeria, and its comprehensive molecular characterization provides valuable resources for systematic, population genetic and evolutionary biological studies of apicomplexan parasites in poultry.

摘要

背景

由艾美耳球虫引起的球虫病是最严重的鸡病之一，对家禽业构成了巨大的经济威胁。了解鸡艾美耳球虫寄生虫的进化生物学是开发针对这种家禽疾病的新防治方法的基础。

方法

我们通过对代表中国感染鸡的七种已知艾美耳球虫的 33 个分离株的完整线粒体基因组组装进行遗传特征分析，提出了鸡球虫的进化蓝图。还实现了基因组和基因水平的系统发育，以更好地了解这些鸡艾美耳球虫在种水平上的进化关系。

结果

33 个鸡艾美耳球虫的线粒体基因组大小从 6148bp 到 6480bp 不等，编码典型的顶复门寄生虫线粒体组成，包括三个蛋白质编码基因（PCGs）、七个碎片化的小亚基（SSU）和 12/13 个碎片化的大亚基（LSU）rRNA。比较基因组学为 PCGs-细胞色素 c 氧化酶亚基 1 和 3（cox1 和 cox3）和细胞色素 b（cytb）的遗传多样性提供了一个进化情景；所有这些都受到纯化选择的影响，cox1 和 cox3 的进化速度最低和最高。全基因组系统发育将 33 个艾美耳球虫分离株分为七个亚群，此外，艾美耳球虫 tenella 和艾美耳球虫 necatrix 彼此之间的亲缘关系比与其他八个同源种更密切。基于单个/串联线粒体蛋白基因的系统发育支持 cox1 作为禽类球虫进化和系统发育研究的遗传标记。