Ibrahim Samar Sayed, Sahu Urvashi, Karthik Pothiyappan, Vendan Subramanian Ezhil
Food Protectants and Infestation Control Department, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore, 570 020 India.
Present Address: Pests and Plant Protection Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, 12622 Egypt.
J Food Sci Technol. 2023 Apr;60(4):1435-1445. doi: 10.1007/s13197-023-05690-7. Epub 2023 Feb 7.
Nanoemulsion is a promising delivery system for delivering the plant bioactive molecules against insect pests. In this study, we aimed to prepare eugenol based nanoemulsions (EL-NE) by ultrasonication method to investigate its fumigant toxicity against adults and to analyse the residual characteristics of eugenol bioactive on the treated grains and beetles. In EL-NE preparations, 1:1 ratio of eugenol: Tween 80 combination with 5 min of ultrasonication at frequency of 10 kHz and 12 W power output was determined as optimal. In the optimized nanoemulsions, 19.21 to 42.82 d.nm range of mean droplet size, 0.50 to 0.77 range of polydispersity index and -21.80 to -29.83 mV range of zeta potential values were observed with respect to 2.5 to 10.0% of eugenol concentrations. After 72 h of fumigation, enhanced fumigant toxicities (3.5-11.2 fold) were observed against adults for the optimized EL-NEs compared to eugenol alone. Fumigant toxicity results revealed 14.40 µl/L air of least LC value for the 10.0% EL-NE. Persistence of eugenol was more (12.46%) in EL-NE treated wheat grains compared to eugenol alone treatments based on Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy analysis, which indicates the improved fumigation. This study results suggests EL-NEs as promising nano-biofumigant against the adults for eco-friendly Integrated Pest Management (IPM).
纳米乳剂是一种很有前景的递送系统，可用于递送植物生物活性分子以防治害虫。在本研究中，我们旨在通过超声法制备基于丁香酚的纳米乳剂（EL-NE），以研究其对成虫的熏蒸毒性，并分析丁香酚生物活性在处理过的谷物和甲虫上的残留特性。在EL-NE制剂中，丁香酚与吐温80以1:1的比例组合，在10 kHz频率和12 W功率输出下超声处理5分钟被确定为最佳条件。在优化的纳米乳剂中，丁香酚浓度为2.5%至10.0%时，平均液滴尺寸范围为19.21至42.82 d.nm，多分散指数范围为0.50至0.77，ζ电位值范围为-21.80至-29.83 mV。熏蒸72小时后，与单独使用丁香酚相比，优化后的EL-NEs对成虫的熏蒸毒性增强（3.5至11.2倍）。熏蒸毒性结果显示，10.0%的EL-NE的最低LC值为14.40 μl/L空气。基于气相色谱-质谱分析，与单独使用丁香酚处理相比，EL-NE处理的小麦籽粒中丁香酚的残留量更多（12.46%），这表明熏蒸效果得到了改善。本研究结果表明，EL-NEs作为一种有前景的纳米生物熏蒸剂，可用于对成虫进行生态友好型的综合害虫管理（IPM）。
