Research Center for Materials, Architectures and Integration of Nanomembranes (MAIN), Chemnitz University of Technology, 09126, Chemnitz, Germany.
State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communications and School of Science, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, 100876, P. R. China.
Small. 2023 Jun;19(26):e2300230. doi: 10.1002/smll.202300230. Epub 2023 Mar 20.
As intelligent microsystems develop, many revolutionary applications, such as the swallowing surgeon proposed by Richard Feynman, are about to evolve. Nonetheless, integrable energy storage satisfying the demand for autonomous operations has emerged as a major obstacle to the deployment of intelligent microsystems. A reason for the lagging development of integrable batteries is the challenge of miniaturization through microfabrication procedures. Lithium batteries, generated by the most successful battery chemistry, are not stable in the air, thus creating major manufacturing challenges. Other cations (Na , Mg , Al , K ) are still in the early stages of development. In contrast, the superior stability of zinc batteries in the air brings high compatibility to microfabrication protocols and has already demonstrated excellent practicability in full-sized devices. To obtain energy-dense and high-power zinc microbatteries within square-millimeter or smaller footprints, sandwich, pillar, and Swiss-roll configurations are developed. Thin interdigital and fiber microbatteries find their applications being integrated into wearable devices and electronic skin. It is foreseeable that zinc microbatteries will find their way into highly integrated microsystems unlocking their full potential for autonomous operation. This review summarizes the material development, configuration innovation, and application-oriented integration of zinc microbatteries.
随着智能微系统的发展，许多革命性的应用，如理查德·费曼（Richard Feynman）提出的“吞咽式外科医生”，即将出现。然而，可集成的储能技术满足自主运行的需求，这已成为智能微系统部署的主要障碍。可集成电池发展滞后的一个原因是通过微制造工艺实现小型化的挑战。由最成功的电池化学物质产生的锂电池在空气中不稳定，因此带来了重大的制造挑战。其他阳离子（Na、Mg、Al、K）仍处于早期开发阶段。相比之下，锌电池在空气中的优越稳定性对微制造协议具有很高的兼容性，并且已经在全尺寸设备中展示了出色的实用性。为了在平方毫米或更小的面积内获得能量密集且高功率的锌微电池，可以开发夹层、支柱和瑞士卷结构。薄的叉指和纤维微电池在可穿戴设备和电子皮肤中找到了集成的应用。可以预见，锌微电池将进入高度集成的微系统，释放其自主运行的全部潜力。这篇综述总结了锌微电池的材料开发、结构创新和面向应用的集成。
