Nguyen Nhu H
University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, Hawai'i, USA.
Microbiol Spectr. 2023 Mar 20;11(2):e0470822. doi: 10.1128/spectrum.04708-22.
Mat-forming fungi are common in forest and grassland soils across the world, where their activity contributes to important soil ecological processes. These fungi maintain dominance through aggressive and abundant hyphae that modify their internal physical and chemical environments and through these modifications select for what appears to be a suite of mycophilic bacteria. Here, the bacteria associated with the fungal mats of Leucopaxillus gentianeus and Leucopaxillus albissimus from western North America are compared to adjacent nonmat substrates. Within the mats, the bacterial richness and diversity were significantly reduced, and the community composition was significantly different. The bacterial community structure between the two fungal hosts was marginally significant and indicated a shared set of bacterial associates. The genera , , , , and Mycobacterium were significantly abundant within the fungal mats and represent core members of these hypha-rich environments. Comparison with the literature from fungal mat studies worldwide showed that these genera are common and often significantly found within fungal mats, further reinforcing the concept of a mycophilic bacterial guild. These genera are incorporated into a synthesis discussion in the context of our current understanding of the nature of fungal-bacterial interactions and the potential outcomes of these interactions in soil nutrient cycling, plant productivity, and human health. Fungi and bacteria are the most abundant and diverse organisms in soils (perhaps more so than any other habitat on earth), and together these microorganisms contribute to broad soil ecosystem processes. There is a suite of bacteria that appears consistently within the physical space called the hyphosphere, the area of influence surrounding fungal hyphae. How these bacteria are selected for, how they are maintained, and what broader ecological functions they perform are subjects of interest in this relatively new field-the cross-kingdom interactions between fungi and bacteria. Understanding their cooccurrence and their interactions can open new realms of understanding in soil ecological processes with global consequences.
形成菌垫的真菌在世界各地的森林和草原土壤中很常见，它们的活动对重要的土壤生态过程有贡献。这些真菌通过具有侵略性且丰富的菌丝维持优势地位，这些菌丝会改变其内部的物理和化学环境，并通过这些改变选择出似乎是一组嗜真菌细菌。在这里，将来自北美西部的龙胆白桩菇和白色白桩菇的真菌菌垫相关细菌与相邻的非菌垫基质进行了比较。在菌垫内部，细菌的丰富度和多样性显著降低，群落组成也显著不同。两种真菌宿主之间的细菌群落结构存在微弱的显著差异，表明存在一组共同的细菌共生体。节杆菌属、芽孢杆菌属、微杆菌属、假单胞菌属和分枝杆菌属在真菌菌垫中显著丰富，代表了这些富含菌丝环境的核心成员。与全球真菌菌垫研究的文献比较表明，这些属很常见且经常在真菌菌垫中显著发现，进一步强化了嗜真菌细菌群落的概念。在我们目前对真菌 - 细菌相互作用的性质以及这些相互作用在土壤养分循环、植物生产力和人类健康方面潜在结果的理解背景下，将这些属纳入综合讨论。真菌和细菌是土壤中数量最多、种类最丰富的生物（可能比地球上任何其他栖息地都更丰富多样），这些微生物共同促进了广泛的土壤生态系统过程。在称为菌丝际（围绕真菌菌丝的影响区域）的物理空间中始终存在一组细菌群落成员如何被选择、如何维持以及它们执行哪些更广泛的生态功能，是这个相对较新的领域（真菌与细菌之间的跨界相互作用）中感兴趣的主题。了解它们的共存和相互作用可以开启对具有全球影响的土壤生态过程的新理解领域。
