Department of Medical Pharmacology, Kasr Alainy Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
Life Sci. 2023 May 15;321:121606. doi: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121606. Epub 2023 Mar 21.
Premenstrual disorders (PMDs) refer to premenstrual syndrome (PMS) and premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD), where both are characterized by physical and psychological changes occurring in the luteal phase of menstrual cycle. According to the available theories, there is no single accusation succeeded to explain the pathophysiology of PMDs. However, there is emerging evidence for the role of gut microbiota (GM) in PMDs, supported by the diverging impact of GM on our body systems. The direct secretory function of GM and their integration in hormonal, neurotransmitters and bioactive compounds secretion and activity reinforce this speculation. Moreover, the bidirectional relation between GM and steroid hormones and the impact of diet, drugs, and inflammation on both, GM and PMDs incidence and severity justify the need for more studies to determine the actual role of GM in PMDs and the possible potential of probiotics and prebiotics as therapeutic options.
经前期障碍（PMD）包括经前期综合征（PMS）和经前期烦躁障碍（PMDD），其特征均为在月经周期的黄体期出现躯体和心理变化。根据现有理论，没有一个单一的指控成功解释了 PMD 的病理生理学。然而，越来越多的证据表明肠道微生物群（GM）在 PMD 中起作用，这一观点得到了 GM 对我们的身体系统的不同影响的支持。GM 的直接分泌功能及其在激素、神经递质和生物活性化合物分泌和活性中的整合，进一步证实了这一推测。此外，GM 与甾体激素之间的双向关系，以及饮食、药物和炎症对 GM 和 PMD 的发生率和严重程度的影响，都证明了有必要进行更多的研究，以确定 GM 在 PMD 中的实际作用，以及益生菌和益生元作为治疗选择的可能潜力。
