肺超声诱导大鼠肺毛细血管出血，并考虑与先前在新生仔猪中类似观察结果的暴露量关系。
Lung Ultrasound Induction of Pulmonary Capillary Hemorrhage in Rats With Consideration of Exposimetric Relationships to Previous Similar Observations in Neonatal Swine.
机构信息
Department of Radiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
Department of Radiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
出版信息
Ultrasound Med Biol. 2023 Jun;49(6):1441-1448. doi: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2023.02.007. Epub 2023 Mar 21.
OBJECTIVE
Lung ultrasound (LUS) has become an essential clinical tool for pulmonary evaluation. LUS has been found to induce pulmonary capillary hemorrhage (PCH) in animal models, posing a safety issue. The induction of PCH was investigated in rats, and exposimetry parameters were compared with those of a previous neonatal swine study.
METHODS
Female rats were anesthetized and scanned in a warmed water bath with the 3Sc, C1-5 and L4-12t probes from a GE Venue R1 point-of-care ultrasound machine. Acoustic outputs (AOs) of sham, 10%, 25%, 50% or 100% were applied for 5-min exposures with the scan plane aligned with an intercostal space. Hydrophone measurements were used to estimate the in situ mechanical index (MI) at the lung surface. Lung samples were scored for PCH area, and PCH volumes were estimated.
RESULTS
At 100% AO, the PCH areas were 73 ± 19 mm for the 3.3 MHz 3Sc probe (4 cm lung depth), 49 ± 20 mm (3.5 cm lung depth) or 96 ± 14 mm (2 cm lung depth) for the 3.0 MHz C1-5 probe and 7.8 ± 2.9 mm for the 7 MHz L4-12t (1.2 cm lung depth). Estimated volumes ranged from 378 ± 97 mm for the C1-5 at 2 cm to 1.3 ± 1.5 mm for the L4-12t. MI thresholds for PCH were 0.62, 0.56 and 0.48 for the 3Sc, C1-5 and L4-12t, respectively.
CONCLUSION
Comparison between this study and previous similar research in neonatal swine revealed the importance of chest wall attenuation. Neonatal patients may be most susceptible to LUS PCH because of thin chest walls.
目的
肺部超声（LUS）已成为肺部评估的重要临床工具。研究发现，LUS 可在动物模型中引起肺毛细血管出血（PCH），存在安全问题。本研究在大鼠中探讨了 PCH 的诱导情况，并比较了暴露计量参数与先前的新生猪研究。
方法
雌性大鼠在温水浴中麻醉并进行扫描，使用 GE Venue R1 即时超声机的 3Sc、C1-5 和 L4-12t 探头。在与肋间平面对齐的扫描平面上，应用 10%、25%、50%或 100%的声输出（AO）进行 5 分钟的暴露。使用水听器测量来估计肺表面的原位机械指数（MI）。对 PCH 面积进行评分，并估计 PCH 体积。
结果
在 100%AO 下，3.3 MHz 3Sc 探头的 PCH 面积为 73 ± 19 mm（4 cm 肺深度），3.0 MHz C1-5 探头的 49 ± 20 mm（3.5 cm 肺深度）或 96 ± 14 mm（2 cm 肺深度），7 MHz L4-12t 的 7.8 ± 2.9 mm（1.2 cm 肺深度）。估计的体积范围从 C1-5 在 2 cm 时的 378 ± 97 mm 到 L4-12t 的 1.3 ± 1.5 mm。PCH 的 MI 阈值分别为 3Sc、C1-5 和 L4-12t 的 0.62、0.56 和 0.48。
结论
与之前在新生猪中进行的类似研究相比，本研究揭示了胸腔衰减的重要性。由于胸部较薄，新生儿患者可能最容易受到 LUS PCH 的影响。
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