Neurobiology Program, Sirius University of Science and Technology, Sochi, Russia.
Institute of Experimental Medicine, Almazov National Medical Research Centre, Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, St. Petersburg, Russia.
Adv Exp Med Biol. 2023;1411:91-104. doi: 10.1007/978-981-19-7376-5_5.
Mounting evidence links psychiatric disorders to central and systemic inflammation. Experimental (animal) models of psychiatric disorders are important tools for translational biopsychiatry research and CNS drug discovery. Current experimental models, most typically involving rodents, continue to reveal shared fundamental pathological pathways and biomarkers underlying the pathogenetic link between brain illnesses and neuroinflammation. Recent data also show that various proinflammatory factors can alter brain neurochemistry, modulating the levels of neurohormones and neurotrophins in neurons and microglia. The role of "active" glia in releasing a wide range of proinflammatory cytokines also implicates glial cells in various psychiatric disorders. Here, we discuss recent animal inflammation-related models of psychiatric disorders, focusing on their translational perspectives and the use of some novel promising model organisms (zebrafish), to better understand the evolutionally conservative role of inflammation in neuropsychiatric conditions.
越来越多的证据表明精神疾病与中枢和全身炎症有关。精神疾病的实验（动物）模型是转化神经精神病学研究和中枢神经系统药物发现的重要工具。目前的实验模型，最典型的是涉及啮齿动物，继续揭示潜在的基本病理途径和生物标志物，这些途径和生物标志物是大脑疾病和神经炎症之间发病机制联系的基础。最近的数据还表明，各种促炎因子可以改变大脑神经化学，调节神经元和小胶质细胞中神经激素和神经营养因子的水平。“活跃”神经胶质细胞释放广泛的促炎细胞因子的作用也暗示了神经胶质细胞在各种精神疾病中的作用。在这里，我们讨论了最近与动物炎症相关的精神疾病模型，重点讨论了它们的转化观点，以及使用一些新型有前途的模式生物（斑马鱼），以更好地理解炎症在神经精神疾病中的进化保守作用。
