塞内加尔 5 项运动业余和职业运动员的肌肉骨骼疼痛：初步研究。
Musculoskeletal pains among amateur and professional athletes of five disciplines in Senegal: a preliminary study.
机构信息
Faculty of Health Sciences of the Abdou Moumouni University of Niamey, Niamey, Niger.
Physical Activities and Sport Physiology and Medicine Unit, Faculty of Science, University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon.
出版信息
BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2023 Mar 22;24(1):210. doi: 10.1186/s12891-023-06275-3.
BACKGROUND
Musculoskeletal pains (MSPs) in sport are cause of poor performances and loss of competition in athletes. The present study aimed at determining the prevalence of MSPs with regard to sport disciplines and athletic status.
METHODS
A cross-sectional study was conducted among 320 Senegalese professional and amateur athletes practicing football, basketball, rugby, tennis, athletics, and wrestling. Rates of MSPs in the past year (MSPs-12) and week (MSPs-7d) were assessed using standard questionnaires.
RESULTS
Overall proportions of MSPs-12 and MSPs-7d were 70 and 74.2%, respectively. MSPs-12 were more frequently reported on shoulders (40.6%), neck (37.1%) and hips/thigh (34.4%), while MSPs-7d were predominant on hips/thigh (29.5%), shoulders (25.7%), and upper back (17.2%). Proportions of MSPs-12 and MSPs-7d varied significantly by sport disciplines, with highest values among basketball players. Again, highest MSPs-12 proportions on shoulders (29.7%, P = 0.02), wrists/hands (34.6%, P = 0.001), (40.2%, P = 0.0002), and knees (38.8%, P = 0.002) were seen among basketball players. High proportions of MSPs-7d were seen on shoulders (29.6%, P = 0.04) for tennis players, wrists/hands (29.4%, P = 0.03) for basketball and football players, and hips/thigh (38.8%, P < 0.00001) for basketball players. Football players had reduced risk of MSPs-12 by 75% on lower back (OR = 0.25; 95% CI. 0.10-0.63; P = 0.003) and by 72% on knees (OR = 0.28; 95% CI. 0.08-0. 95; P = 0.04). In contrast, tennis players were more at risk of MSPs-12 on shoulders (OR = 3.14; 95% CI. 1.14-8.68; P = 0.02), wrists/hands (OR = 5.18; 95% CI.1.40-11.13; P = 0.01), and hips/thigh (OR = 2.90; 95% CI. 1.1-8.38; P = 0.04). Professionals were protected from MSPs-12 on neck pain with a significant reduction of risk by 61% (OR = 0.39, 95% CI. 0.21-0.75, P = 0.03).
CONCLUSION
MSPs are a reality among athletes and their risk is modulated by sport disciplines, athletic status and gender.
背景
运动中的肌肉骨骼疼痛（MSP）是运动员表现不佳和丧失比赛能力的原因。本研究旨在确定运动学科和运动状态与 MSP 发生率的关系。
方法
对 320 名塞内加尔职业和业余足球、篮球、橄榄球、网球、田径和摔跤运动员进行横断面研究。使用标准问卷评估过去 12 个月（MSP-12）和过去 7 天（MSP-7d）的 MSP 发生率。
结果
MSP-12 和 MSP-7d 的总体比例分别为 70%和 74.2%。MSP-12 更常发生在肩部（40.6%）、颈部（37.1%）和臀部/大腿（34.4%），而 MSP-7d 主要发生在臀部/大腿（29.5%）、肩部（25.7%）和上背部（17.2%）。MSP-12 和 MSP-7d 的比例因运动学科而异，篮球运动员的比例最高。同样，篮球运动员肩部（29.7%，P=0.02）、手腕/手部（34.6%，P=0.001）、肘部（40.2%，P=0.0002）和膝盖（38.8%，P=0.002）的 MSP-12 比例最高。网球运动员肩部（29.6%，P=0.04）、篮球和足球运动员手腕/手部（29.4%，P=0.03）和篮球运动员臀部/大腿（38.8%，P<0.00001）的 MSP-7d 比例较高。足球运动员的下背部（OR=0.25；95%CI.0.10-0.63；P=0.003）和膝盖（OR=0.28；95%CI.0.08-0.95；P=0.04）的 MSP-12 风险降低了 75%。相比之下，网球运动员肩部（OR=3.14；95%CI.1.14-8.68；P=0.02）、手腕/手部（OR=5.18；95%CI.1.40-11.13；P=0.01）和臀部/大腿（OR=2.90；95%CI.1.1-8.38；P=0.04）的 MSP-12 风险增加。专业运动员颈部疼痛的 MSP-12 风险降低了 61%（OR=0.39，95%CI.0.21-0.75，P=0.03）。
结论
MSP 是运动员的现实问题，其风险受到运动学科、运动状态和性别等因素的调节。
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