Department of Cognitive Science, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budapest, Hungary.
MTA-BME Momentum Language Acquisition Research Group, Eötvös Loránd Research Network (ELKH), Budapest, Hungary.
PLoS One. 2023 Mar 23;18(3):e0281788. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0281788. eCollection 2023.
The vulnerability of statistical learning has been demonstrated in reading difficulties in both the visual and acoustic modalities. We examined segmentation abilities of Hungarian speaking adolescents with different levels of reading fluency in the acoustic verbal and visual nonverbal domains. We applied online target detection tasks, where the extent of learning is reflected in differences between reaction times to predictable versus unpredictable targets. Explicit judgments of well-formedness were also elicited in an offline two-alternative forced choice (2AFC) task. Learning was evident in both the acoustic verbal and visual nonverbal tasks, both in online and offline measures, but learning effects were larger both in online and offline tasks in the verbal acoustic condition. We haven't found evidence for a significant relationship between statistical learning and reading fluency in adolescents in either modality. Together with earlier findings, these results suggest that the relationship between reading and statistical learning is dependent on the domain, modality and nature of the statistical learning task, on the reading task, on the age of participants, and on the specific language. The online target detection task is a promising tool which can be adapted to a wider set of tasks to further explore the contribution of statistical learning to reading acquisition in participants from different populations.
统计学习的脆弱性已在视觉和听觉模态的阅读困难中得到证明。我们研究了不同阅读流利程度的匈牙利语青少年在声学言语和视觉非言语领域的分割能力。我们应用了在线目标检测任务，其中学习程度反映在对可预测和不可预测目标的反应时间差异上。在离线的二选一强制选择（2AFC）任务中也引出了对格式良好的明确判断。在声学言语和视觉非言语任务中都可以观察到学习，无论是在线还是离线测量，但是在言语声学条件下，无论是在线还是离线任务，学习效果都更大。我们没有发现统计学习和两种模态中青少年阅读流利度之间存在显著关系的证据。结合早期发现，这些结果表明，阅读和统计学习之间的关系取决于统计学习任务的领域、模态和性质、阅读任务、参与者的年龄以及特定语言。在线目标检测任务是一种很有前途的工具，可以适用于更广泛的任务，以进一步探索统计学习对来自不同人群的参与者阅读习得的贡献。
