亚洲医护工作者在北美遭遇种族主义的经历：一项范围综述。
Asian Healthcare Workers and Their Experiences of Racism in North America: A Scoping Review.
机构信息
Faculty of Nursing, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
John W. Scott Health Sciences Library, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
出版信息
Can J Nurs Res. 2023 Sep;55(3):279-291. doi: 10.1177/08445621231166101. Epub 2023 Mar 23.
BACKGROUND
The rising rates of anti-Asian sentiments has recently been called into question by several community activists and scholars. While this collective work has heightened awareness to address anti-Asian racism, the experiences of Asian healthcare workers in particular remains limited.
PURPOSE
To map the existing literature on anti-Asian racism experienced by Asian healthcare workers in North American healthcare settings, identify gaps in the current literature base, and inform future areas of anti-Asian racism research.
METHODS
A scoping review following Arksey and O'Malley's (2005) methodology with updated guidance by Levac et al. (2010) and Peters et al. (2020) was undertaken.
FINDINGS
A total of 3565 articles from database searches were identified from eight databases, with 64 full text articles screened and 15 articles included in this review. Anti-Asian racism amongst healthcare workers has been conceptualized, studied, and understood in three broad categories: levels of racism, descriptions of anti-Asian racism, and the impact of racism. In 60% of the included articles, interpersonal level of racism was solely studied, while 40% articles simultaneously studied interpersonal and institutional levels of racism. Anti-Asian racism was described through three key perspectives: otherness, inferior professional status, and general racial discrimination. Lastly, the impact of Asian healthcare workers' experiences of anti-Asian racism was studied by exploring the impact on mental health and barriers to career advancement.
CONCLUSION
Despite the presence of anti-Asian racism, the limited literature examining the complexities of the experiences of anti-Asian racism for Asian healthcare workers is concerning. Future scholarship requires further investigation that comprehensively explores the multiple pathways of anti-Asian racism, the contestation of monolithic stereotypes, and how Asian healthcare workers negotiate both hypervisibility and invisibility within healthcare spaces.
背景
最近，几位社区活动家和学者对反亚裔情绪的上升率提出了质疑。虽然这项集体工作提高了人们对解决反亚裔种族主义的认识，但亚洲医疗保健工作者的经历仍然有限。
目的
绘制北美医疗环境中亚洲医疗保健工作者经历反亚裔种族主义的现有文献，确定当前文献基础中的差距，并为未来的反亚裔种族主义研究提供信息。
方法
采用 Arksey 和 O'Malley（2005）的方法进行范围审查，并根据 Levac 等人（2010 年）和 Peters 等人（2020 年）的最新指南进行更新。
发现
从八个数据库中总共确定了 3565 篇数据库搜索文章，筛选了 64 篇全文文章，有 15 篇文章纳入本综述。医疗保健工作者中的反亚裔种族主义已被概念化、研究和理解为三个广泛的类别：种族主义的程度、反亚裔种族主义的描述和种族主义的影响。在纳入的文章中，有 60%的文章仅研究了人际层面的种族主义，而 40%的文章同时研究了人际和制度层面的种族主义。反亚裔种族主义通过三个关键视角来描述：他者性、职业地位低下和普遍的种族歧视。最后，通过探讨对心理健康的影响和职业发展障碍，研究了亚洲医疗保健工作者经历反亚裔种族主义的影响。
结论
尽管存在反亚裔种族主义，但检查亚洲医疗保健工作者经历反亚裔种族主义的复杂性的有限文献令人担忧。未来的学术研究需要进一步调查，全面探索反亚裔种族主义的多种途径、对单一刻板印象的争议以及亚洲医疗保健工作者如何在医疗保健空间中协调高度可见性和不可见性。
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