在 1999 年至 2018 年的 NHANES 研究中，按性别和生殖阶段划分的 PFASs 与生物衰老的变量关联。
The variable associations between PFASs and biological aging by sex and reproductive stage in NHANES 1999-2018.
机构信息
Department of Anthropology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
Department of Anthropology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
出版信息
Environ Res. 2023 Jun 15;227:115714. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115714. Epub 2023 Mar 24.
BACKGROUND
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are endocrine disrupting chemicals that have myriad effects on human physiology. Estrogenic PFASs may influence biological aging by mimicking the activity of endogenous estrogens, which can decrease inflammation and oxidative stress and enhance telomerase activity. We hypothesized that PFAS exposure would be differentially associated with measures of biological aging based on biological sex and reproductive stage.
METHODS
We analyzed associations between serum PFAS levels and measures of biological aging for pre- and postmenopausal women and men (n = 3193) using data from the 2003 to 2018 waves of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Examining PFASs both individually and in mixture models, we investigated four measures of clinical aging (Homeostatic Dysregulation, the Klemera-Doubal Method, Phenotypic Age Acceleration, and Allostatic Load), oxidative stress, and telomere length.
RESULTS
PFOA and PFOS were negatively associated with Phenotypic Age Acceleration (e.g. decelerated aging) for men B = -0.22, 95% CI: -0.32, -0.12; B = -0.04, 95% CI: -0.06, -0.03) , premenopausal women (B = -0.58, 95% CI: -0.83, -0.32; B = -0.15, 95% CI: -0.20, -0.09), and postmenopausal women (B= -0.22, 95% CI: -0.43, -0.01; B = -0.05, 95% CI: -0.08, -0.02). In mixture models, we found net negative effects for Phenotypic Age Acceleration and Allostatic Load for men, premenopausal women, and postmenopausal women. We also found significant mixture effects for the antioxidants bilirubin and albumin among the three sample groups. We found no evidence to support effects on telomere length.
DISCUSSION
Our findings suggest that PFAS exposure may be inversely associated with some measures of biological aging at the relatively low levels of exposure in this sample, regardless of reproductive stage and sex, which does not support our hypothesis. This research provides insights into how PFAS exposure may variably influence aging measures depending on the physiological process investigated.
背景
全氟和多氟烷基物质（PFAS）是内分泌干扰化学物质，对人体生理有多种影响。类雌激素 PFAS 可能通过模拟内源性雌激素的活性来影响生物衰老，从而降低炎症和氧化应激，增强端粒酶活性。我们假设，根据生物性别和生殖阶段，PFAS 暴露与生物衰老的衡量标准之间存在差异。
方法
我们使用来自 2003 年至 2018 年全国健康与营养调查（NHANES）的资料，分析了绝经前和绝经后妇女和男子（n=3193）的血清 PFAS 水平与生物衰老衡量标准之间的关联。通过单独和混合模型检查 PFAS，我们研究了四种临床衰老的衡量标准（体内平衡失调、Klemera-Doubal 法、表型年龄加速和全身适应负荷）、氧化应激和端粒长度。
结果
对于男性，PFOA 和 PFOS 与表型年龄加速（例如衰老减速）呈负相关（B=-0.22，95%CI：-0.32，-0.12；B=-0.04，95%CI：-0.06，-0.03）、绝经前妇女（B=-0.58，95%CI：-0.83，-0.32；B=-0.15，95%CI：-0.20，-0.09）和绝经后妇女（B=-0.22，95%CI：-0.43，-0.01；B=-0.05，95%CI：-0.08，-0.02）。在混合模型中，我们发现男性、绝经前妇女和绝经后妇女的表型年龄加速和全身适应负荷存在净负效应。我们还发现，在这三个样本组中，抗氧化剂胆红素和白蛋白存在显著的混合效应。我们没有证据支持 PFAS 暴露与端粒长度有关。
讨论
我们的研究结果表明，无论生殖阶段和性别如何，PFAS 暴露在该样本的相对低水平下，可能与一些生物衰老的衡量标准呈负相关，这与我们的假设不符。本研究提供了关于 PFAS 暴露如何根据所研究的生理过程而不同地影响衰老衡量标准的见解。
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