Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, the National Key Discipline, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, 157 Baojian Road, Harbin, 150081, P. R. China.
Department of Clinical Nutrition, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang Province, P. R. China.
Nutr J. 2024 Sep 28;23(1):112. doi: 10.1186/s12937-024-01017-0.
Healthy dietary patterns have been negatively associated with methylation-based measures of biological age, yet previous investigations have been unable to establish the relationship between them and biological aging assessed through blood chemistry-based clinical biomarkers. We sought to assess the associations of 4 dietary metrics with 4 measures of biological age.
Among 16,666 participants in NHANES 1999-2018, 4 dietary metrics [Dietary inflammatory index (DII), Dietary approaches to stop hypertension index (DASH), Alternate mediterranean diet score (aMED), and Healthy eating index-2015 (HEI-2015)] were calculated through the 'dietaryindex' R package. Twelve blood chemistry parameters were utilized to compute 4 indicators of biological age [homeostatic dysregulation (HD), allostatic load (AL), Klemera-Doubal method (KDM), and phenotypic age (PA)]. Binomial logistic regression models and restricted cubic spline (RCS) regression were employed to evaluate the associations.
All 4 dietary metrics were significantly associated with biological age acceleration or deceleration. In comparison to the lowest DII, the odds ratios (ORs) for accelerated HD, AL, KDM, and PA were 1.25 (1.08,1.45), 1.29 (1.11,1.50), 1.34 (1.08,1.65), and 1.61 (1.39,1.87) for the highest. The multivariable-adjusted ORs of the highest quartile of DASH, aMED, and HEI-2015 were 0.85 (0.73,0.97), 0.88 (0.74,1.04), and 0.84 (0.74,0.96) for HD, 0.64 (0.54,0.75), 0.61 (0.52,0.72), and 0.70 (0.59,0.82) for AL, 0.68 (0.54,0.85), 0.62 (0.50,0.76), and 0.71 (0.58,0.87) for KDM, and 0.50 (0.42,0.59), 0.64 (0.54,0.76), and 0.51 (0.44,0.58) for PA when compared with the lowest level. The findings were validated by the best-fitting dose-response curves for the associations. Among participants consuming dietary supplements (P < 0.05), the positive effects of a healthy dietary pattern on biological aging were more pronounced. Systemic immune inflammation index (SII) and atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) were identified as being involved in and mediating the associations.
Biological aging assessed through blood chemistry-based clinical biomarkers is negatively associated with diet quality. The anti-aging benefits of improving the diet may be due to its ability to reduce inflammation and lower blood lipids.
健康的饮食模式与基于甲基化的生物年龄测量值呈负相关，但先前的研究未能确定它们与通过血液化学临床生物标志物评估的生物老化之间的关系。我们旨在评估 4 种饮食指标与 4 种生物年龄测量值之间的关联。
在 1999 年至 2018 年参加 NHANES 的 16666 名参与者中，通过“dietaryindex”R 包计算了 4 种饮食指标[饮食炎症指数（DII）、停止高血压的饮食方法（DASH）、替代地中海饮食评分（aMED）和健康饮食指数-2015（HEI-2015）]。利用 12 项血液化学参数计算了 4 个生物年龄指标[体内平衡失调（HD）、全身适应负荷（AL）、Klemera-Doubal 方法（KDM）和表型年龄（PA）]。采用二项逻辑回归模型和限制立方样条（RCS）回归来评估关联。
所有 4 种饮食指标均与生物年龄加速或减速有显著关联。与最低 DII 相比，最高 DII 的 HD、AL、KDM 和 PA 的比值比（OR）分别为 1.25（1.08，1.45）、1.29（1.11，1.50）、1.34（1.08，1.65）和 1.61（1.39，1.87）。调整后的多变量 OR 为，DASH、aMED 和 HEI-2015 的最高四分位数的 OR 分别为 0.85（0.73，0.97）、0.88（0.74，1.04）和 0.84（0.74，0.96）用于 HD、0.64（0.54，0.75）、0.61（0.52，0.72）和 0.70（0.59，0.82）用于 AL、0.68（0.54，0.85）、0.62（0.50，0.76）和 0.71（0.58，0.87）用于 KDM、0.50（0.42，0.59）、0.64（0.54，0.76）和 0.51（0.44，0.58）用于 PA，与最低水平相比。通过最佳拟合剂量反应曲线验证了这些关联。在服用膳食补充剂的参与者中（P < 0.05），健康饮食模式对生物老化的积极影响更为明显。系统性免疫炎症指数（SII）和血浆致动脉粥样硬化指数（AIP）被确定为参与和介导这些关联的因素。
通过血液化学临床生物标志物评估的生物老化与饮食质量呈负相关。改善饮食的抗衰老益处可能是由于其降低炎症和降低血脂的能力。
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