Peng Xiaobao, Song Xiaofan, Horsey Emmanuel Mensah
School of Public Affairs, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China.
Front Psychol. 2023 Mar 10;14:1095978. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1095978. eCollection 2023.
Entrepreneurial orientation is the key factor for enterprises to obtain competitive advantages in dynamic circumstances. Thus, prior studies established the effect of psychological factors, for instance, entrepreneurial self-efficacy on entrepreneurial orientation using social cognitive theory. However, prior studies presented two main opposite views consisting of a positive and negative relationship between entrepreneurial self-efficacy and entrepreneurial orientation as well as providing no alleyway to enrich this relationship. We join the conversation on the positive linkage and argue on the essence of exploring the black box mechanisms to strengthen enterprises' entrepreneurial orientation. We employed the social cognitive theory and collected 220 valid responses from CEOs and TMTs from 10 enterprises in the high-tech industrial development zones of nine provinces in China to clarify the effect of top management team (TMT) collective efficacy, and CEO-TMT interface on the link between entrepreneurial self-efficacy and entrepreneurial orientation. Our findings show that entrepreneurial self-efficacy positively affects entrepreneurial orientation. In addition, we found that a higher level of TMT collective efficacy strengthens the positive relationship between entrepreneurial self-efficacy and entrepreneurial orientation. Moreover, we discovered differential moderating effects. First, CEO-TMT interface positively affects entrepreneurial orientation when it interacts with TMT collective efficacy and entrepreneurial self-efficacy. Second, CEO-TMT interface has a significant negative indirect effect on entrepreneurial orientation, when it only interacts with TMT collective efficacy. Our study enriches the entrepreneurial orientation literature by positioning TMT collective efficacy and CEO-TMT interface as social cognitive mechanisms underlying the development of entrepreneurial self-efficacy and entrepreneurial orientation nexus. Thus, we open a window of opportunities for CEOs and decision-makers to maintain a sustainable position in the market, grasping more opportunities in uncertain conditions timely entries into new markets and maintaining pre-existing ones.
创业导向是企业在动态环境中获取竞争优势的关键因素。因此，先前的研究运用社会认知理论确立了心理因素，例如创业自我效能感对创业导向的影响。然而，先前的研究呈现出两种主要的相反观点，即创业自我效能感与创业导向之间存在正相关和负相关关系，并且没有提供丰富这种关系的途径。我们加入了关于正向联系的讨论，并探讨了探索黑箱机制以加强企业创业导向的本质。我们运用社会认知理论，从中国九个省份高新技术产业开发区的10家企业的首席执行官和高层管理团队中收集了220份有效回复，以阐明高层管理团队（TMT）集体效能感以及首席执行官与高层管理团队的互动对创业自我效能感与创业导向之间联系的影响。我们的研究结果表明，创业自我效能感对创业导向有积极影响。此外，我们发现更高水平的高层管理团队集体效能感会加强创业自我效能感与创业导向之间的正向关系。此外，我们还发现了不同的调节效应。首先，首席执行官与高层管理团队的互动在与高层管理团队集体效能感和创业自我效能感相互作用时，会对创业导向产生积极影响。其次，当首席执行官与高层管理团队的互动仅与高层管理团队集体效能感相互作用时，它对创业导向有显著的负向间接影响。我们的研究通过将高层管理团队集体效能感和首席执行官与高层管理团队的互动定位为创业自我效能感与创业导向关系发展的社会认知机制，丰富了创业导向文献。因此，我们为首席执行官和决策者打开了一扇机会之窗，使他们能够在市场中保持可持续的地位，在不确定的条件下抓住更多机会，及时进入新市场并维持现有市场。
