Zeng Xianqi, Luo Peng, Wang Taiyang, Wang Hao, Shen Xiaoying
School of Architecture, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China.
Key Laboratory of Cold Region Urban and Rural Human Settlement Environment Science and Technology, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Harbin, 150001, China.
Build Environ. 2023 May 1;235:110221. doi: 10.1016/j.buildenv.2023.110221. Epub 2023 Mar 20.
Alternative care facilities (ACFs) based on large-space public buildings were widely used early at the start of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. However, studies have shown that the indoor spatial environment of ACFs can significantly induce mental health problems among users. Thus, this study hypothesizes that improving the visual environment in the interiors of large-space ACFs may reduce mental health problems among users. To verify this hypothesis, this study used critical analysis to screen the influencing factors and used analytic hierarchy process analysis to determine the weights. Particularly, the analyses were based on ACF research in Wuhan and questionnaire surveys of patients with experience using ACFs. Subsequently, virtual reality experiments were conducted to measure physiological indicators and subjective questionnaire collection based on the orthogonal experimental design of the four screened visual environment components. The results revealed the following related to large-space ACFs: 1) Lifestyle support was the most dominant patient requirement and preference for the visual environment. 2) The visual environment can influence the participants' efficiency of psychological stress relief, emotional regulation, and subjective perception. 3) Different design characteristics of the four visual environment components were causally related to restorative effects. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study analyzing patients' preferences and psychological needs for the visual environment of large-space ACFs and combining subjective and objective measures to investigate the restorative effects of the visual environment. Improving the quality of the visual environment in large-space ACFs presents an effective intervention for alleviating the psychological problems of admitted patients.
在2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）大流行初期，基于大型公共建筑的替代护理设施（ACF）被广泛使用。然而，研究表明，ACF的室内空间环境会显著诱发使用者的心理健康问题。因此，本研究假设，改善大型空间ACF内部的视觉环境可能会减少使用者的心理健康问题。为了验证这一假设，本研究采用批判性分析来筛选影响因素，并使用层次分析法来确定权重。具体而言，分析基于武汉的ACF研究以及对有使用ACF经历患者的问卷调查。随后，基于对四个筛选出的视觉环境组成部分的正交实验设计，进行虚拟现实实验以测量生理指标并收集主观问卷。结果揭示了与大型空间ACF相关的以下内容：1）生活方式支持是患者对视觉环境最主要的需求和偏好。2）视觉环境会影响参与者缓解心理压力、情绪调节和主观感知的效率。3）四个视觉环境组成部分的不同设计特征与恢复效果存在因果关系。据我们所知，这是第一项分析患者对大型空间ACF视觉环境的偏好和心理需求，并结合主观和客观测量来研究视觉环境恢复效果的研究。改善大型空间ACF的视觉环境质量是缓解住院患者心理问题的一种有效干预措施。
