Mascherek Anna, Weber Sandra, Riebandt Kevin, Cassanello Carlos, Leicht Gregor, Brick Tim, Gallinat Jürgen, Kühn Simone
University Clinic Hamburg-Eppendorf, Clinic and Policlinic for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Martinistraße 52, 20246Hamburg, Germany.
Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Lise Meitner Group for Environmental Neuroscience, Lentzeallee 94, 14195Berlin, Germany.
Eur Psychiatry. 2022 Feb 22;65(1):1-22. doi: 10.1192/j.eurpsy.2022.9.
The salutary effect of window views on greenery for inpatients in hospitals on length of stay and recovery rate has been repeatedly shown, however, not for psychiatric inpatients. The study assessed the association between a window view on green trees or man-made objects and brightness of the room on length of stay in a sample of psychiatric inpatients from one clinic.
Data records of 244 psychiatric inpatients (mean age in years 41.8; SD = 11.8; 59.8% female, length of stay varying between 7 and 100 days) that were admitted between May 2013 and October 2018 with affective disorders were examined. Window view was assessed with images taken from each room and classified into showing man-made objects or green trees. The percentage of green within each image was also calculated as greenness of the view. Brightness was assessed with a luxmeter.
Although no effect was found for the dichotomous measures (man-made objects vs. green trees), a suppression effect emerged for percentage of green and brightness. The results indicate that both greenness of the window view as well as brightness significantly reduce length of stay in psychiatric inpatients with affective disorders.
The suppression effect likely results from the characteristics of the windows; the greenest rooms also being the darkest. Due to the infrastructure of the ward, greenness and brightness came at the expense of each other. The results generally support the importance of a view into greenery and natural sunlight for recovery.
医院病房窗户望向绿植对住院患者的住院时长和康复率有益，这一点已被反复证实，但对精神科住院患者而言并非如此。本研究评估了一家诊所的精神科住院患者样本中，望向绿树或人造物体的窗户视野以及房间亮度与住院时长之间的关联。
对2013年5月至2018年10月间收治的244名情感障碍精神科住院患者（平均年龄41.8岁；标准差=11.8；59.8%为女性，住院时长在7至100天之间）的数据记录进行了检查。通过从每个房间拍摄的图像评估窗户视野，并将其分类为展示人造物体或绿树。每张图像中绿色部分的百分比也被计算为视野的绿色度。用照度计评估亮度。
虽然在二分法测量（人造物体与绿树）中未发现影响，但绿色度百分比和亮度出现了抑制效应。结果表明，窗户视野的绿色度以及亮度均显著缩短了情感障碍精神科住院患者的住院时长。
这种抑制效应可能是由窗户的特性导致的；最绿的房间也是最暗的。由于病房的基础设施，绿色度和亮度相互牺牲。总体而言，这些结果支持了望向绿植和自然阳光对康复的重要性。
