Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Qiaokou District, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China.
Cancer Med. 2023 May;12(10):11351-11362. doi: 10.1002/cam4.5848. Epub 2023 Mar 27.
Microcalcification (MC) is a valuable diagnostic indicator to detect invasive breast cancer (IBC). This study aimed to determine the clinicopathological features of IBC with MC and detect biomarkers related to the potential mechanism of the MC formation in IBC.
Data from 364 patients with IBC were collected for the clinical characteristic analysis. The analysis of clinical data helped us to establish a predictive model of axillary node metastasis (ANM) before surgery. In addition, 49 tissue samples of IBC patients were collected to test the protein levels of osteocalcin (OCN) and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) by immunohistochemistry.
Significant differences were observed in tumor size, age, ANM, HER2 , TNM stage, and mutant P53 between samples from IBC patients with MC and samples from IBC patients without MC. Younger age, a larger tumor size, a higher number of childbirths, and MC were independent predictors for ANM in IBC. HIF-1α protein level was higher in tumor tissue than in normal tissue. High protein levels of OCN and HIF-1α are related to the complication of MC in IBC. Of the patients that exhibited high HIF-1α protein levels, the percentage of high OCN protein levels was larger in patients with ANM.
Based on this study, we concluded that patients with MC had a comparatively poor prognosis. MC was an independent predictive factor associated with the risk of ANM. High protein levels of OCN and HIF-1α were associated with MC and ANM, which were also related to poor prognosis. OCN and HIF-1α had a positive correlation in IBC.
微钙化（MC）是一种有价值的诊断指标，可用于检测浸润性乳腺癌（IBC）。本研究旨在确定具有 MC 的 IBC 的临床病理特征，并检测与 IBC 中 MC 形成的潜在机制相关的生物标志物。
收集了 364 例 IBC 患者的数据进行临床特征分析。对临床数据的分析有助于我们在术前建立腋窝淋巴结转移（ANM）的预测模型。此外，收集了 49 例 IBC 患者的组织样本，通过免疫组织化学法检测骨钙素（OCN）和缺氧诱导因子-1α（HIF-1α）的蛋白水平。
MC 阳性的 IBC 患者和 MC 阴性的 IBC 患者的肿瘤大小、年龄、ANM、HER2、TNM 分期和突变型 P53 等方面存在显著差异。年龄较小、肿瘤较大、生育次数较多和 MC 是 IBC 中 ANM 的独立预测因素。HIF-1α 蛋白水平在肿瘤组织中高于正常组织。OCN 和 HIF-1α 蛋白水平高与 IBC 中 MC 的并发症有关。在 HIF-1α 蛋白水平高的患者中，ANM 患者的 OCN 蛋白水平高的比例更大。
基于本研究，我们得出结论，MC 患者的预后较差。MC 是与 ANM 风险相关的独立预测因素。OCN 和 HIF-1α 蛋白水平高与 MC 和 ANM 有关，也与预后不良有关。OCN 和 HIF-1α 在 IBC 中呈正相关。
