de Araujo Dantas Anna Beatriz, Gonçalves Flávio Magno, Martins Agnes Andrade, Alves Giorvan Ânderson, Stechman-Neto José, Corrêa Camila de Castro, Santos Rosane Sampaio, Nascimento Weslania Viviane, de Araujo Cristiano Miranda, Taveira Karinna Veríssimo Meira
Department of Morphology - Center of Biosciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), BR 101- Lagoa Nova, Natal, RN - 59072-970, Brazil.
Tuiuti University of Paraná (UTP), Curitiba, Brazil.
Sleep Breath. 2023 Dec;27(6):2083-2109. doi: 10.1007/s11325-023-02810-7. Epub 2023 Mar 27.
This study aimed to identify the prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and associated risk factors globally.
Six databases and registrations and three grey databases were explored for observational field research. Independently and impartially paired reviewers selected research, gathered data, and evaluated the methodological quality. Heterogeneity was investigated using subgroup analysis and meta-regression following the moderating variable in a meta-analysis of proportions with a random-effects model. The critical appraisal instrument developed by the Joanna Briggs Institute was used to evaluate the listed studies' methodology. The certainty of the evidence was evaluated using the GRADE tool.
A total of 8236 articles were collected during the database search, resulting in 99 articles included for qualitative synthesis, and 98 articles were included for the meta-analysis. The estimated combined prevalence of OSA was 54% [CI 95% = 46-62%; I2 = 100%]. Mean age, percentage of moderate-severe cases, and the sample's body mass index (BMI) did not affect the heterogeneity that was already present when meta-regressed (p > 0.05). Ninety-one studies were deemed to have a low risk of bias, while eight were deemed to have a moderate risk. For OSA prevalence outcomes, the GRADE criteria were considered very low.
Approximately half of the people worldwide have OSA. High BMI, increasing age, and male gender are described as risk factors in the literature, but these covariates do not affect pre-existing heterogeneity.
本研究旨在确定全球范围内阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停（OSA）的患病率及相关危险因素。
检索了六个数据库及登记处和三个灰色数据库以进行观察性实地研究。由独立且公正的配对评审员筛选研究、收集数据并评估方法学质量。在采用随机效应模型的比例荟萃分析中，按照调节变量使用亚组分析和元回归研究异质性。使用乔安娜·布里格斯研究所开发的关键评估工具来评估所列研究的方法学。使用GRADE工具评估证据的确定性。
在数据库检索期间共收集到8236篇文章，最终纳入99篇进行定性综合分析，98篇纳入荟萃分析。OSA的估计合并患病率为54%[95%置信区间=46 - 62%；I²=100%]。平均年龄、中重度病例百分比以及样本的体重指数（BMI）在进行元回归时并未影响已存在的异质性（p>0.05）。91项研究被认为偏倚风险较低，而8项被认为具有中度风险。对于OSA患病率结果，GRADE标准被认为极低。
全球约一半的人患有OSA。高BMI、年龄增长和男性被文献描述为危险因素，但这些协变量并不影响已存在的异质性。
