Jarosz Katarzyna, Młynarska Agnieszka
Department of Gerontology and Geriatric Nursing, School of Health Sciences, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland.
Nurs Rep. 2023 Mar 20;13(1):561-572. doi: 10.3390/nursrep13010051.
The problem of care rationing is widespread all over the world and results from many factors affecting nurses. These factors may result from the environment in which the nurses work, e.g., the atmosphere at work, or may not be related to work, e.g., place of residence. The aim of this study was to examine the impact of sociodemographic factors (place of residence, satisfaction with the financial situation, number of forms of postgraduate education, work system, number of patients per nurse, number of diseases) on care rationing, job satisfaction and quality of nursing care.
The study is a cross-sectional study which includes 130 nurses from all over Poland who work in urology wards. The criteria for inclusion were consent to the examination, practicing the profession of a nurse, work in the urology department and work experience of at least 6 months, regardless of the number of hours worked (full-time/part-time). The study was conducted using the standardized PIRNCA (Perceived Implicit Rationing of Nursing Care) questionnaire.
The average rationing nursing care was 1.11/3 points which means nursing care was rarely rationed. The average job satisfaction was 5.95/10 points, and the assessment of the quality of patient care was 6.88/10 points, which means a medium level of the job satisfaction and the quality of patient care. The rationing of care was affected by the number of nurse illnesses; job satisfaction was influenced by the place of residence and satisfaction with the financial situation, while the quality of care was not influenced by any of the analyzed factors.
The result of care rationing is at a similar level as the results in Poland and abroad. Despite the rare rationing of care, employers should take corrective action, especially in terms of increasing the staff and health prevention of nurses.
护理资源分配问题在全球普遍存在，是由许多影响护士的因素导致的。这些因素可能源于护士工作的环境，如工作氛围，也可能与工作无关，如居住地点。本研究的目的是探讨社会人口学因素（居住地点、对财务状况的满意度、研究生教育形式的数量、工作制度、每名护士护理的患者数量、疾病数量）对护理资源分配、工作满意度和护理质量的影响。
本研究为横断面研究，纳入了来自波兰各地泌尿外科病房的130名护士。纳入标准为同意接受检查、从事护士职业、在泌尿外科工作且工作经验至少6个月，无论工作时长（全职/兼职）。研究使用标准化的PIRNCA（感知隐性护理资源分配）问卷进行。
护理资源分配的平均得分为1.11/3分，这意味着护理资源很少被分配。工作满意度的平均得分为5.95/10分，患者护理质量的评估得分为6.88/10分，这意味着工作满意度和患者护理质量处于中等水平。护理资源分配受护士患病数量的影响；工作满意度受居住地点和对财务状况的满意度影响，而护理质量不受任何分析因素的影响。
护理资源分配结果与波兰及国外的结果处于相似水平。尽管护理资源分配很少见，但雇主应采取纠正措施，特别是在增加员工数量和护士健康预防方面。
