May Emily, Hanley Meg, Mulcahy John J, Gross Martin S
Dartmouth College Geisel School of Medicine, Hanover, NH, USA.
Department of Urology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.
Int J Impot Res. 2023 Nov;35(7):629-633. doi: 10.1038/s41443-023-00689-2. Epub 2023 Mar 28.
Attempts to "cure" erectile dysfunction (ED) are as old as recorded history. The history of penile prosthetic devices dates back over 500 years, when a French military surgeon designed the first known wooden prosthesis to support micturition. There have since been a great many technological advancements in penile prosthetics. Penile implants for the improvement of sexual function date to the twentieth century. Like all human endeavors, penile prosthesis innovations have progressed via trial and error. This review aims to provide an overview of penile prostheses for the treatment of ED since their introduction in 1936. More specifically, we aim to highlight important advances in penile prosthesis development and discuss dead ends that were abandoned. Highlights include two-piece inflatables, three-piece inflatables, and malleable/semirigid, along with modifications and updates to each basic design that improved both insertion and usability. Dead ends include innovative ideas that were lost to history due to a variety of factors. We also look to the future and discuss expected advances, including remotely activated devices and prostheses designed for special populations, including transgender men.
治疗勃起功能障碍（ED）的尝试与有记载的历史一样古老。阴茎假体装置的历史可以追溯到500多年前，当时一位法国军医设计了已知的第一个木制假体来辅助排尿。从那时起，阴茎假体技术有了许多重大进展。用于改善性功能的阴茎植入物可追溯到20世纪。与所有人类努力一样，阴茎假体的创新也是通过反复试验取得进展的。本综述旨在概述自1936年阴茎假体问世以来用于治疗ED的情况。更具体地说，我们旨在突出阴茎假体发展中的重要进展，并讨论被放弃的无果尝试。重点包括两件式可充气假体、三件式可充气假体以及可弯曲/半刚性假体，以及对每种基本设计的改进和更新，这些改进提高了插入性和可用性。无果尝试包括由于各种因素而被历史遗忘的创新想法。我们还展望未来并讨论预期的进展，包括远程激活装置以及为特殊人群（包括跨性别男性）设计的假体。
