Catholic University of Croatia, Zagreb, Croatia.
Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Rijeka, Sveučilišna Avenija 4, 51000, Rijeka, Croatia.
Cogn Res Princ Implic. 2023 Mar 29;8(1):20. doi: 10.1186/s41235-023-00473-2.
Athletic skills acquired through deliberate practice are essential for expert sports performance. Some authors even suggest that practice circumvents the limits of working memory capacity (WMC) in skill acquisition. However, this circumvention hypothesis has been challenged recently by the evidence that WMC plays an important role in expert performance in complex domains such as arts and sports. Here, we have used two dynamic soccer tactical tasks to explore the effect of WMC on tactical performance at different levels of expertise. As expected, professional soccer players exhibited better tactical performance than amateur and recreational players. Furthermore, WMC predicted faster and more accurate tactical decisions in the task under auditory distraction and faster tactical decisions in the task without distraction. Importantly, lack of expertise × WMC interaction suggests that the WMC effect exists at all levels of expertise. Our results speak against the circumvention hypothesis and support a model of independent contributions of WMC and deliberate practice on expert performance in sports.
通过刻意练习获得的运动技能对于专业的运动表现至关重要。一些作者甚至认为，练习可以绕过技能获取过程中工作记忆容量（WMC）的限制。然而，最近的证据表明，WMC 在艺术和运动等复杂领域的专家表现中起着重要作用，这对这一规避假说提出了挑战。在这里，我们使用了两个动态足球战术任务来探讨 WMC 在不同专业水平下对战术表现的影响。正如预期的那样，职业足球运动员在战术表现上比业余和娱乐运动员要好。此外，WMC 预测了在听觉干扰下任务中更快、更准确的战术决策，以及在无干扰情况下任务中更快的战术决策。重要的是，缺乏专业知识×WMC 相互作用表明，WMC 效应存在于所有专业水平。我们的结果与规避假说相矛盾，支持了 WMC 和刻意练习对运动中专家表现的独立贡献模型。
