Institute of Cognitive and Team/Racket Sport Research, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
J Sport Exerc Psychol. 2012 Jun;34(3):322-44. doi: 10.1123/jsep.34.3.322.
The controlled attention theory of working memory capacity (WMC, Engle 2002) suggests that WMC represents a domain free limitation in the ability to control attention and is predictive of an individual's capability of staying focused, avoiding distraction and impulsive errors. In the present paper we test the predictive power of WMC in computer-based sport decision-making tasks. Experiment 1 demonstrated that high-WMC athletes were better able at focusing their attention on tactical decision making while blocking out irrelevant auditory distraction. Experiment 2 showed that high-WMC athletes were more successful at adapting their tactical decision making according to the situation instead of relying on prepotent inappropriate decisions. The present results provide additional but also unique support for the controlled attention theory of WMC by demonstrating that WMC is predictive of controlling attention in complex settings among different modalities and highlight the importance of working memory in tactical decision making.
工作记忆容量的受控注意力理论（WMC，Engle 2002）表明，WMC 代表了一种在控制注意力方面的非特定领域的限制，并且可以预测个体保持专注、避免分心和冲动错误的能力。在本文中，我们测试了 WMC 在基于计算机的运动决策任务中的预测能力。实验 1 表明，高 WMC 运动员在专注于战术决策的同时，能够更好地屏蔽无关的听觉干扰。实验 2 表明，高 WMC 运动员能够根据情况更成功地调整他们的战术决策，而不是依赖于优势但不适当的决策。本研究结果通过证明 WMC 可以预测在不同模态的复杂环境中控制注意力，为 WMC 的受控注意力理论提供了额外但独特的支持，并强调了工作记忆在战术决策中的重要性。
