Cao Quanquan, Zhang Hailong, Li Tong, He Lingjie, Zong Jiali, Shan Hongying, Huang Lishi, Zhang Yupeng, Liu Haifeng, Jiang Jun
College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
MARBEC, University Montpellier, CNRS, IFREMER, IRD, 34090 Montpellier, France.
Biology (Basel). 2023 Feb 28;12(3):388. doi: 10.3390/biology12030388.
miRNAs are a class of endogenous and evolutionarily conserved noncoding short RNA molecules that post-transcriptionally regulate gene expression through sequence-specific interactions with mRNAs and are capable of controlling gene expression by binding to miRNA targets and interfering with the final protein output. The miRNAs of teleost were firstly reported in zebrafish development, but there are recent studies on the characteristics and functions of miRNAs in fish, especially when compared with mammals. Environmental factors including salinity, oxygen concentration, temperature, feed, pH, environmental chemicals and seawater metal elements may affect the transcriptional and posttranscriptional regulators of miRNAs, contributing to nearly all biological processes. The survival of aquatic fish is constantly challenged by the changes in these environmental factors. Environmental factors can influence miRNA expression, the functions of miRNAs and their target mRNAs. Progress of available information is reported on the environmental effects of the identified miRNAs, miRNA targets and the use of miRNAs in fish.
微小RNA（miRNA）是一类内源性且在进化上保守的非编码短RNA分子，它们通过与信使核糖核酸（mRNA）进行序列特异性相互作用，在转录后水平调控基因表达，并且能够通过与miRNA靶标结合并干扰最终的蛋白质产出，从而控制基因表达。硬骨鱼的miRNA最早是在斑马鱼发育过程中被报道的，但最近有关于鱼类miRNA的特征和功能的研究，尤其是与哺乳动物相比时。包括盐度、氧气浓度、温度、饲料、酸碱度、环境化学物质和海水金属元素在内的环境因素，可能会影响miRNA的转录和转录后调节因子，几乎参与所有生物过程。水生鱼类的生存不断受到这些环境因素变化的挑战。环境因素可以影响miRNA的表达、miRNA及其靶标mRNA的功能。本文报道了关于已鉴定的miRNA的环境效应、miRNA靶标以及miRNA在鱼类中的应用的现有信息进展。
