Hussain Khalid, Hussain Syed Makhdoom, Ali Shafaqat, Zahoor Ameer Fawad, Yilmaz Ebru, Alasmari Abdulrahman, Munir Muhammad, Arsalan Muhammad Zubair-Ul-Hassan, Naeem Adan
Fish Nutrition Lab, Department of Zoology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan.
Department of Environmental Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan.
Fish Physiol Biochem. 2025 Sep 5;51(5):159. doi: 10.1007/s10695-025-01564-1.
Epigenetics has a profound impact on fish nutrition and aquaculture by regulating gene expression, physiological traits, and growth without altering the underlying DNA sequence. The changes, particularly DNA methylation, can be passed down through generations, enhancing productivity and disease resistance. External factors like temperature, stress, nutrition and illness exposure can also influence epigenetic changes, affecting protein, omega-3 fatty acids, and probiotics. DNA methylation and dietary factors also enhance resilience, promoting fish health and reducing antibiotic reliance. Unlocking innovative tactics that promote ecological sustainability, economic viability, and food security requires a deeper comprehension of the epigenetic landscape in aquatic species. Epigenetic insights represent a frontier for advancing precision aquaculture and ensuring the long-term resilience of fish production systems. Combining epigenetic knowledge with conventional breeding methods can lead to faster development of fish lines with improved growth rates, disease resistance, and optimal feed conversion. Understanding the epigenetic processes underlying fish nutrition can lead to sustainable aquaculture methods, increased productivity, and improved overall fish health. Dynamically shaped by environmental and nutritional factors, DNA methylation and histone modification improve performance and adaptability. Understanding and applying histone modifications can greatly enhance the resilience and sustainability of aquaculture practices.
表观遗传学通过调控基因表达、生理特征和生长，而不改变潜在的DNA序列，对鱼类营养和水产养殖产生深远影响。这些变化，尤其是DNA甲基化，可以代代相传，提高生产力和抗病能力。温度、应激、营养和疾病暴露等外部因素也会影响表观遗传变化，进而影响蛋白质、omega-3脂肪酸和益生菌。DNA甲基化和饮食因素还能增强恢复力，促进鱼类健康，减少对抗生素的依赖。要解锁促进生态可持续性、经济可行性和粮食安全的创新策略，需要更深入地了解水生物种的表观遗传格局。表观遗传学见解是推进精准水产养殖和确保鱼类生产系统长期恢复力的前沿领域。将表观遗传学知识与传统育种方法相结合，可以更快地培育出具有更高生长速度、更强抗病能力和最佳饲料转化率的鱼类品系。了解鱼类营养背后的表观遗传过程，可以带来可持续的水产养殖方法、提高生产力并改善鱼类整体健康状况。DNA甲基化和组蛋白修饰受环境和营养因素动态影响，可提高性能和适应性。理解和应用组蛋白修饰可以极大地增强水产养殖实践的恢复力和可持续性。
