Passarello Noemi, Mellone Michela, Sorrentino Pierpaolo, Chirico Andrea, Lucidi Fabio, Mandolesi Laura, Federico Francesca
Department of Humanities, University of Naples Federico II, 80133 Naples, Italy.
Department of Social and Developmental Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University of Roma "Sapienza", 00185 Rome, Italy.
Brain Sci. 2023 Mar 11;13(3):476. doi: 10.3390/brainsci13030476.
(1) Background: Several findings have shown how social stimuli can influence attentional processes. Social attention is crucial in team ball sports, in which players have to react to dynamically changing, unpredictable, and externally paced environments. Our study aimed at demonstrating the influence of social processing on team ball sports athletes' attentional abilities. (2) Methods: A total of 103 male players divided by sport (soccer, handball, and basketball) and by role (striker, midfielder, or defender) were tested through a modified version of the Attention Network Test (ANT) in which they were exposed to both social and non-social stimuli. (3) Results: Social stimuli positively impacted the athletes' abilities to focus on target stimuli and ignore conflicting environmental requests (t = -2.600, = 0.011 *). We also found that the athletes' roles impacted their performance accuracy. Specifically, differences were found in the ability to maintain a general state of reactivity between athletes (strikers vs. midfielders: t = 3.303, = 0.004 **; striker vs. defenders: t = -2.820, = 0.017 *; midfielders vs. defenders: t = -5.876, < 001 ***). (4) Conclusion: These findings revealed that social stimuli are crucial for performance enhancement in team ball sports athletes. Further, we suggest that it is possible to draw specific attentional profiles for athletes in different roles.
（1）背景：多项研究结果表明社会刺激如何影响注意力过程。社会注意力在团队球类运动中至关重要，在这类运动中，运动员必须对动态变化、不可预测且由外部节奏控制的环境做出反应。我们的研究旨在证明社会加工对团队球类运动运动员注意力能力的影响。（2）方法：通过对注意力网络测试（ANT）的修改版本，对总共103名男性运动员进行测试，这些运动员按运动项目（足球、手球和篮球）和角色（前锋、中场球员或后卫）进行划分，他们会同时接触社会和非社会刺激。（3）结果：社会刺激对运动员专注于目标刺激并忽略冲突的环境要求的能力产生了积极影响（t = -2.600，p = 0.011*）。我们还发现运动员的角色会影响他们的表现准确性。具体而言，在运动员维持一般反应状态的能力方面发现了差异（前锋与中场球员：t = 3.303，p = 0.004**；前锋与后卫：t = -2.820，p = 0.017*；中场球员与后卫：t = -5.876，p < 0.001***）。（4）结论：这些发现表明社会刺激对于提高团队球类运动运动员的表现至关重要。此外，我们建议有可能为不同角色的运动员绘制特定的注意力特征。
