Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan 430062, China.
National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, National Sub-Center of Rapeseed Improvement in Wuhan, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
Genes (Basel). 2023 Mar 1;14(3):625. doi: 10.3390/genes14030625.
Peanut is susceptible to infection, and the consequent aflatoxin contamination has been recognized as an important risk factor affecting food safety and industry development. Planting peanut varieties with resistance to aflatoxin contamination is regarded as an ideal approach to decrease the risk in food safety, but most of the available resistant varieties have not been extensively used in production because of their low yield potential mostly due to possessing small pods and seeds. Hence, it is highly necessary to integrate resistance to aflatoxin and large seed weight. In this study, an RIL population derived from a cross between Zhonghua 16 with high yield and J 11 with resistance to infection of and aflatoxin production, was used to identify quantitative trait locus (QTL) for aflatoxin production (AP) resistance and hundred-seed weight (HSW). From combined analysis using a high-density genetic linkage map constructed, 11 QTLs for AP resistance with 4.61-11.42% phenotypic variation explanation (PVE) and six QTLs for HSW with 3.20-28.48% PVE were identified, including three major QTLs for AP resistance (, and ) and three for HSW (, and ). In addition, , , , and were detected in multiple environments. The aflatoxin contents under artificial inoculation were decreased by 34.77-47.67% in those segregated lines harboring , and , while the HSWs were increased by 47.56-49.46 g in other lines harboring , and . Conditional QTL mapping indicated that HSW and percent seed infection index (PSII) had no significant influence on aflatoxin content. Interestingly, the QT 1059 simultaneously harboring alleles of aflatoxin content including and , alleles of PSII including , , and and alleles of HSW including , , had better resistance to infection and to toxin production and higher yield potential compared with the two parents of the RIL. The above identified major loci for AP resistance and HWS would be helpful for marker-assisted selection in peanut breeding.
花生易感染 ，由此导致的黄曲霉毒素污染已被认为是影响食品安全和产业发展的一个重要风险因素。种植具有抗黄曲霉毒素污染能力的花生品种被认为是降低食品安全风险的理想方法，但由于产量潜力低，大多数现有抗性品种并未广泛用于生产，主要是因为它们的豆荚和种子较小。因此，将抗黄曲霉毒素和大粒重结合起来是非常必要的。在这项研究中，利用中华 16 号（产量高）和 J 11 号（抗感染和黄曲霉毒素生产）杂交衍生的 RIL 群体，鉴定了抗黄曲霉毒素生产（AP）和百粒重（HSW）的数量性状位点（QTL）。通过联合分析使用构建的高密度遗传连锁图谱，鉴定了 11 个抗 AP 数量性状位点（QTL），解释了 4.61-11.42%的表型变异（PVE）和 6 个 HSW QTL，解释了 3.20-28.48%的 PVE，包括 3 个抗 AP 主要 QTL（、和）和 3 个 HSW（、和）。此外，、、、和 也在多个环境中被检测到。在那些含有、和的分离系中，人工接种下的黄曲霉毒素含量降低了 34.77-47.67%，而在含有、和的其他系中，百粒重增加了 47.56-49.46g。条件 QTL 作图表明，HSW 和种子感染指数（PSI）对黄曲霉毒素含量没有显著影响。有趣的是，QT1059 同时含有包括、、、和、、和、、的等位基因，与 RIL 的两个亲本相比，对 感染和毒素产生具有更好的抗性，产量潜力更高。上述鉴定的抗 AP 和 HSW 主要位点将有助于花生育种中的标记辅助选择。
