中国不同地区花生和花生油中黄曲霉毒素膳食暴露的空间分析。
Spatial analysis of dietary exposure of aflatoxins in peanuts and peanut oil in different areas of China.
机构信息
NHC Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Chinese Academy of Medical Science Research Unit (2019RU014), China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, No. 37, Guangqu Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100022, PR China; Chongqing Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 8, Changjiang Second Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400042, PR China.
NHC Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Chinese Academy of Medical Science Research Unit (2019RU014), China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, No. 37, Guangqu Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100022, PR China.
出版信息
Food Res Int. 2021 Feb;140:109899. doi: 10.1016/j.foodres.2020.109899. Epub 2020 Nov 10.
Peanuts in China are heavily contaminated with aflatoxin, which pose a threaten to human health. To compare the dietary exposure risk of aflatoxins (AFT) in peanuts and peanut oil in different areas of China, the spatial distribution of AFT contamination levels in peanuts and peanut oil from different areas was analyzed. The dietary exposure was calculated by simple distributed risk assessment method before characterizing the health risk using both the margin of exposure (MOE) approach proposed by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) and the quantitative liver cancer risk approach proposed by the Joint Food and Agricultural Organization/World Health Organization (FAO/WHO) Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA). The results showed that the AFT content in peanuts and peanut oil was high with agglomeration in several provinces of East and South China under a subtropical temperate monsoon climate, and the AFT contamination in peanut oil was more substantial than peanuts. On average, the estimated dietary exposure to AFT from the total of peanuts and peanut oil for Chinese general population ranged from 1.776 to 1.940 ng/kg bw/day (LB-UB), from which the MOE values of 88-96 (UB-LB) and liver cancer risk of 0.055-0.060 cases/100,000 persons/year (LB-UB) were calculated. As for different areas in China, the mean AFT exposure ranged between 0.000 and 17.270 ng/kg bw/day. Moreover, the corresponding health risk was estimated at 10-868759 MOE values and 0.000-0.851 liver cancer cases/100,000 persons/year. Guangdong, Fujian and Jiangxi provinces were at a higher risk rank. The liver cancer risk of AFT exposure from peanuts and peanut oil was far below all-cause liver cancer incidence (18.0 cases/100,000 persons/year) in China, but several areas with relatively high risk should be of concern. Compared with other age groups, children aged 2-6 years should be paid more attention because they have the highest AFT exposure level.
中国的花生受到黄曲霉毒素的严重污染，这对人类健康构成威胁。为了比较中国不同地区花生和花生油中黄曲霉毒素（AFT）的膳食暴露风险，分析了不同地区花生和花生油中 AFT 污染水平的空间分布。采用欧洲食品安全局（EFSA）提出的暴露量边际（MOE）方法和粮农组织/世界卫生组织食品添加剂联合专家委员会（JECFA）提出的定量肝癌风险方法，对健康风险进行了特征描述，计算了膳食暴露量。结果表明，在亚热带温带季风气候下，华东和华南几个省份的花生和花生油 AFT 含量较高，且花生油的 AFT 污染比花生更严重。平均而言，中国一般人群从花生和花生油中摄入的 AFT 估计值为 1.776-1.940ng/kg bw/d（UB-LB），MOE 值为 88-96（UB-LB），肝癌风险为 0.055-0.060 例/10 万人/年（LB-UB）。对于中国的不同地区，平均 AFT 暴露值在 0.000-17.270ng/kg bw/d 之间。此外，估计的相应健康风险为 10-868759 MOE 值和 0.000-0.851 例/10 万人/年的肝癌病例。广东、福建和江西省的风险等级较高。从花生和花生油中摄入 AFT 导致的肝癌风险远低于中国所有原因导致的肝癌发病率（18.0 例/10 万人/年），但应关注一些风险较高的地区。与其他年龄组相比，2-6 岁的儿童应受到更多关注，因为他们的 AFT 暴露水平最高。
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