Xiao Yang, Li Kai, He Jizhou, Wang Jianhui
Department of Physics, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China.
State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.
Entropy (Basel). 2023 Mar 10;25(3):484. doi: 10.3390/e25030484.
We present a quantum Otto engine model alternatively driven by a hot and a cold heat reservoir and consisting of two isochoric and two adiabatic strokes, where the adiabatic expansion or compression is realized by adiabatically changing the shape of the potential. Here, we show that such an adiabatic deformation may alter operation mode and enhance machine performance by increasing output work and efficiency, even with the advantage of decreasing work fluctuations. If the heat engine in the sudden limit operates under maximal power by optimizing the control parameter, the efficiency shows certain universal behavior, η*=ηC/2+ηC2/8+O(ηC3), where ηC=1-βhr/βcr is the Carnot efficiency, with βhr(βcr) being the inverse temperature of the hot (cold) reservoir. However, such efficiency under maximal power can be produced by our machine model in the regimes where the machine without adiabatic deformation can only operate as a heater or a refrigerator.
我们提出了一种量子奥托发动机模型，它由一个热库和一个冷库交替驱动，由两个等容冲程和两个绝热冲程组成，其中绝热膨胀或压缩是通过绝热改变势的形状来实现的。在这里，我们表明，即使具有减少功波动的优势，这种绝热变形也可能通过增加输出功和效率来改变运行模式并提高机器性能。如果处于突变极限的热机通过优化控制参数在最大功率下运行，效率会呈现出一定的普遍行为，即η* = ηC/2 + ηC2/8 + O(ηC3)，其中ηC = 1 - βhr/βcr是卡诺效率，βhr(βcr)是热（冷）库的逆温度。然而，最大功率下的这种效率可以由我们的机器模型在无绝热变形的机器只能作为加热器或制冷机运行的工况下产生。
