Genomic Research Laboratory, Service of Infectious Diseases, Geneva and University Hospitals, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland.
Bacteriology Laboratory, Division of Laboratory Medicine, Department of Diagnostics, Geneva University Hospitals,1205 Geneva, Switzerland.
Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Mar 9;24(6):5218. doi: 10.3390/ijms24065218.
Despite continuing progress in medical and surgical procedures, staphylococci remain the major Gram-positive bacterial pathogens that cause a wide spectrum of diseases, especially in patients requiring the utilization of indwelling catheters and prosthetic devices implanted temporarily or for prolonged periods of time. Within the genus, if and are prevalent species responsible for infections, several coagulase-negative species which are normal components of our microflora also constitute opportunistic pathogens that are able to infect patients. In such a clinical context, staphylococci producing biofilms show an increased resistance to antimicrobials and host immune defenses. Although the biochemical composition of the biofilm matrix has been extensively studied, the regulation of biofilm formation and the factors contributing to its stability and release are currently still being discovered. This review presents and discusses the composition and some regulation elements of biofilm development and describes its clinical importance. Finally, we summarize the numerous and various recent studies that address attempts to destroy an already-formed biofilm within the clinical context as a potential therapeutic strategy to avoid the removal of infected implant material, a critical event for patient convenience and health care costs.
尽管在医学和外科手术方面不断取得进展，但葡萄球菌仍然是引起广泛疾病的主要革兰氏阳性细菌病原体，尤其是在需要留置导管和暂时或长期植入假体装置的患者中。在属内，如果 和 是引起感染的流行种，那么我们微生物群的正常组成部分中的几种凝固酶阴性种也是能够感染患者的机会性病原体。在这种临床情况下，产生生物膜的葡萄球菌对抗生素和宿主免疫防御表现出更高的抵抗力。尽管生物膜基质的生化组成已得到广泛研究，但生物膜形成的调节以及导致其稳定性和释放的因素仍在不断发现。这篇综述介绍并讨论了生物膜形成的组成和一些调节元素，并描述了其临床重要性。最后，我们总结了许多最近的研究，这些研究旨在探讨在临床环境中破坏已经形成的生物膜的方法，作为一种避免去除感染植入材料的潜在治疗策略，这对患者的便利性和医疗保健成本至关重要。
