Jomehzadeh Nabi, Emrani Sogol Seif
Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Abadan University of Medical Sciences, Abadan, Iran.
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
Heliyon. 2024 Dec 26;11(1):e41537. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e41537. eCollection 2025 Jan 15.
This study aimed to evaluate the biofilm formation abilities of clinical strains, assess their antibiotic susceptibility patterns, and identify the prevalence of adhesion-associated genes.
In this study, a total of 60 strains were collected from urine, pus, wounds, blood, body fluid, and sputum in health centers affiliated with Abadan University of Medical Sciences, Iran. Strains were identified via microbiological methods and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to target the gene. Antibiotic susceptibility testing (AST) was conducted via the disc diffusion method. Methicillin-resistant (MRSA) strains were identified by cefoxitin disc diffusion and PCR targeting the gene. Biofilm formation was assessed via a microtiter plate assay, and the prevalence of adhesion-encoding genes was evaluated via PCR. The data were analyzed in Excel and SPSS via statistical methods, with -values <0.05 considered significant.
Using AST, daptomycin and linezolid were the most effective antibiotics (100 % susceptibility rate). According to the results of the cefoxitin disc test, 48.3 % (n = 29/60) of the strains were MRSA. All the MRSA strains harbored the gene. In total, 32 % of the strains were biofilm producers. Moreover, 56.2 %, 28.1 %, and 15.6 % of the strains produced weak, moderate, and strong biofilms, respectively. There were no significant differences between the MRSA and MSSA strains in terms of the association of biofilm formation with antibiotic resistance except for erythromycin (-value = 0.0087), gentamicin (-value = 0.0009), and penicillin (-value = 0.0009). The most prevalent biofilm-encoding genes were (76.7 %), followed by (70 %), (65.0 %), and (53.3 %).
This study identified MRSA strains with biofilm-forming abilities that possess adhesion-associated genes. The most prevalent biofilm-encoding gene was . To prevent further spread of these strains, regional preventive measures are needed.
本研究旨在评估临床菌株的生物膜形成能力，评估其抗生素敏感性模式，并确定黏附相关基因的流行情况。
在本研究中，共从伊朗阿巴丹医科大学附属健康中心的尿液、脓液、伤口、血液、体液和痰液中收集了60株菌株。通过微生物学方法和聚合酶链反应（PCR）靶向该基因对菌株进行鉴定。通过纸片扩散法进行抗生素敏感性测试（AST）。通过头孢西丁纸片扩散法和靶向该基因的PCR鉴定耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）菌株。通过微量滴定板法评估生物膜形成，并通过PCR评估黏附编码基因的流行情况。数据在Excel和SPSS中通过统计方法进行分析，P值<0.05被认为具有统计学意义。
使用AST，达托霉素和利奈唑胺是最有效的抗生素（敏感性率为100%）。根据头孢西丁纸片试验结果，48.3%（n = 29/60）的菌株为MRSA。所有MRSA菌株均携带该基因。总体而言，32%的菌株是生物膜产生菌。此外，分别有56.2%、28.1%和15.6%的菌株产生弱、中和强生物膜。除红霉素（P值 = 0.0087）、庆大霉素（P值 = 0.0009）和青霉素（P值 = 0.0009）外，MRSA和MSSA菌株在生物膜形成与抗生素耐药性的关联方面无显著差异。最常见的生物膜编码基因是（76.7%），其次是（70%）、（65.0%）和（53.3%）。
本研究鉴定出具有生物膜形成能力且携带黏附相关基因的MRSA菌株。最常见的生物膜编码基因是。为防止这些菌株的进一步传播，需要采取区域预防措施。
