Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Diseases, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China.
Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Mar 17;24(6):5750. doi: 10.3390/ijms24065750.
Both hemispheres connect with each other by excitatory callosal projections, and whether inhibitory interneurons, usually believed to have local innervation, engage in transcallosal activity modulation is unknown. Here, we used optogenetics in combination with cell-type-specific channelrhodopsin-2 expression to activate different inhibitory neuron subpopulations in the visual cortex and recorded the response of the entire visual cortex using intrinsic signal optical imaging. We found that optogenetic stimulation of inhibitory neurons reduced spontaneous activity (increase in the reflection of illumination) in the binocular area of the contralateral hemisphere, although these stimulations had different local effects ipsilaterally. The activation of contralateral interneurons differentially affected both eye responses to visual stimuli and, thus, changed ocular dominance. Optogenetic silencing of excitatory neurons affects the ipsilateral eye response and ocular dominance in the contralateral cortex to a lesser extent. Our results revealed a transcallosal effect of interneuron activation in the mouse visual cortex.
两个半球通过兴奋性胼胝体投射相互连接，而抑制性中间神经元通常被认为具有局部支配，它们是否参与胼胝体活动的调制尚不清楚。在这里，我们使用光遗传学结合细胞类型特异性通道视紫红质-2 表达，在视觉皮层中激活不同的抑制性神经元亚群，并使用内在信号光学成像记录整个视觉皮层的反应。我们发现，光遗传学刺激抑制性神经元减少了对侧半球双眼区的自发活动（光照反射增加），尽管这些刺激在同侧有不同的局部效应。对侧中间神经元的激活对视觉刺激的双眼反应有不同的影响，从而改变了眼优势。光遗传学沉默兴奋性神经元对同侧眼反应和对侧皮层眼优势的影响较小。我们的结果揭示了小鼠视觉皮层中中间神经元激活的胼胝体效应。
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