The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China.
Department of Periodontology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China.
Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Mar 17;24(6):5790. doi: 10.3390/ijms24065790.
Periodontitis is a chronic infectious disease worldwide that can cause damage to periodontal supporting tissues including gingiva, bone, cementum and periodontal ligament (PDL). The principle for the treatment of periodontitis is to control the inflammatory process. Achieving structural and functional regeneration of periodontal tissues is also essential and remains a major challenge. Though many technologies, products, and ingredients were applied in periodontal regeneration, most of the strategies have limited outcomes. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membranous particles with a lipid structure secreted by cells, containing a large number of biomolecules for the communication between cells. Numerous studies have demonstrated the beneficial effects of stem cell-derived EVs (SCEVs) and immune cell-derived EVs (ICEVs) on periodontal regeneration, which may be an alternative strategy for cell-based periodontal regeneration. The production of EVs is highly conserved among humans, bacteria and plants. In addition to eukaryocyte-derived EVs (CEVs), a growing body of literature suggests that bacterial/plant-derived EVs (BEVs/PEVs) also play an important role in periodontal homeostasis and regeneration. The purpose of this review is to introduce and summarize the potential therapeutic values of BEVs, CEVs and PEVs in periodontal regeneration, and discuss the current challenges and prospects for EV-based periodontal regeneration.
牙周炎是一种全球性的慢性感染性疾病，可导致包括牙龈、牙槽骨、牙骨质和牙周膜（PDL）在内的牙周支持组织受损。牙周炎治疗的原则是控制炎症过程。实现牙周组织的结构和功能再生也是必不可少的，仍然是一个主要挑战。尽管许多技术、产品和成分被应用于牙周再生，但大多数策略的效果有限。细胞外囊泡（EVs）是由细胞分泌的具有脂质结构的膜性颗粒，包含大量用于细胞间通讯的生物分子。大量研究表明，干细胞来源的 EVs（SCEVs）和免疫细胞来源的 EVs（ICEVs）对牙周再生具有有益作用，这可能是细胞基牙周再生的替代策略。EV 的产生在人类、细菌和植物之间具有高度保守性。除了真核细胞来源的 EVs（CEVs）外，越来越多的文献表明，细菌/植物来源的 EVs（BEVs/PEVs）也在牙周稳态和再生中发挥重要作用。本文旨在介绍和总结 BEVs、CEVs 和 PEVs 在牙周再生中的潜在治疗价值，并讨论基于 EV 的牙周再生的当前挑战和前景。
