Department of Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Rapid Diagnostic Biosensors, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, P. R. China.
Department of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.
Adv Mater. 2023 Jun;35(24):e2207826. doi: 10.1002/adma.202207826. Epub 2023 Apr 9.
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are heterogeneous, phospholipid bilayer-enclosed biological particles that regulate cell communication by molecular cargo delivery and surface signaling. EVs are secreted by almost all living cells, including plant cells. Plant-derived vesicle-like nanoparticles (PDVLNs) is a generic term referring to vesicle-like nanostructure particles isolated from plants. Their low immunogenicity and wide availability make PDVLNs safer and more economical to be developed as therapeutic agents and drug carriers. Accumulating evidence indicates the key roles of PDVLNs in regulating interkingdom crosstalk between humans and plants. PDVLNs are capable of entering the human-body systemand delivering effector molecules to cells that modulate cell-signaling pathways. PDVLNs released by or obtained from plants thus have great influenceon human health and diseases. In this review, the biogenesis, detailed preparation methods, various physical and biochemical characteristics, biosafety, and preservation of PDVLNs are introduced, along with how these characteristics pertain to their biosafety and preservability. The potential applications of PDVLNs on different plant and mammalian diseases and PDVLN research standardization are then systematically discussed.
细胞外囊泡（EVs）是一种异质的、磷脂双层包裹的生物颗粒，通过分子货物传递和表面信号调节细胞通讯。EVs 几乎由所有活细胞分泌，包括植物细胞。植物来源的囊泡样纳米颗粒（PDVLNs）是一个通用术语，指的是从植物中分离出来的囊泡样纳米结构颗粒。由于其免疫原性低、来源广泛，因此 PDVLNs 作为治疗剂和药物载体开发更安全、更经济。越来越多的证据表明 PDVLNs 在调节人类和植物之间的跨界细胞通讯中发挥着关键作用。PDVLNs 能够进入人体系统，并将效应分子传递到调节细胞信号通路的细胞中。因此，植物来源或提取的 PDVLNs 对人类健康和疾病有很大影响。在这篇综述中，介绍了 PDVLNs 的生物发生、详细的制备方法、各种物理和生化特性、生物安全性和保存方法，以及这些特性如何与其生物安全性和保存能力相关。然后系统地讨论了 PDVLNs 在不同植物和哺乳动物疾病中的潜在应用以及 PDVLN 研究的标准化。
