Cicmil Smiljka, Cicmil Ana, Pavlic Verica, Krunić Jelena, Sladoje Puhalo Dragana, Bokonjić Dejan, Čolić Miodrag
Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine Foca, University of East Sarajevo, 73300 Foca, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Department of Periodontology and Oral Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Banja Luka, 78000 Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
J Clin Med. 2023 Mar 12;12(6):2197. doi: 10.3390/jcm12062197.
Although a strong relationship between periodontal disease (PD) and atherosclerosis was shown in adults, little data are published in younger PD patients. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate and correlate clinical parameters of PD, pro- and immunoregulatory cytokines in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and serum, biochemical and hematological parameters associated with atherosclerosis risk, and carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) in our younger study participants (n = 78) (mean age 35.92 ± 3.36 years) who were divided into two equal groups: subjects with and without PD. PD patients had higher values of IMT, hs-CRP, triglycerides, total cholesterol, and LDL; most proinflammatory and Th1/Th17-associated cytokines in GCF; and IL-8, IL-12, IL-18, and IL-17A in serum compared to subjects without PD. These cytokines in GCF positively correlated with most clinical periodontal parameters. Clinical periodontal parameters, TNF-α and IL-8 in GCF and IL-17A, hs-CRP, and LDL in serum, had more significant predictive roles in developing subclinical atherosclerosis (IMT ≥ 0.75 mm) in comparison with other cytokines, fibrinogen, and other lipid status parameters. Hs-CRP correlated better with the proinflammatory cytokines than the parameters of lipid status. Except for serum IL-17A, there was no significant association of clinical and immunological PD parameters with lipid status. Overall, these results suggest that dyslipidemia and PD status seem to be independent risk factors for subclinical atherosclerosis in our younger PD population.
尽管在成年人中已显示出牙周病（PD）与动脉粥样硬化之间存在密切关系，但针对年轻PD患者的相关数据报道较少。因此，本研究旨在调查并关联年轻研究参与者（n = 78）（平均年龄35.92 ± 3.36岁）的PD临床参数、龈沟液（GCF）和血清中的促炎及免疫调节细胞因子、与动脉粥样硬化风险相关的生化和血液学参数以及颈动脉内膜中层厚度（IMT）。这些参与者被分为两组：有PD组和无PD组。与无PD的受试者相比，PD患者的IMT、hs-CRP、甘油三酯、总胆固醇和低密度脂蛋白（LDL）值更高；GCF中大多数促炎细胞因子以及与Th1/Th17相关的细胞因子水平更高；血清中的白细胞介素-8（IL-8）、白细胞介素-12（IL-12）、白细胞介素-18（IL-18）和白细胞介素-17A（IL-17A）水平更高。GCF中的这些细胞因子与大多数临床牙周参数呈正相关。与其他细胞因子、纤维蛋白原和其他血脂状态参数相比，临床牙周参数、GCF中的肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）和IL-8以及血清中的IL-17A、hs-CRP和LDL在亚临床动脉粥样硬化（IMT≥0.75 mm）发生中具有更显著的预测作用。Hs-CRP与促炎细胞因子的相关性优于血脂状态参数。除血清IL-17A外，PD的临床和免疫参数与血脂状态无显著关联。总体而言，这些结果表明，在我们的年轻PD人群中，血脂异常和PD状态似乎是亚临床动脉粥样硬化的独立危险因素。
