Biomedical Science, Faculty of Chemical-Biological Sciences, Autonomous University of Guerrero, Chilpancingo de los Bravo 39090, Guerrero, 39090, Mexico.
Department of Implantology and Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dentistry, Autonomous University of Guerrero, Acapulco de Juarez 39610, Guerrero, Mexico.
BMC Oral Health. 2024 Aug 23;24(1):981. doi: 10.1186/s12903-024-04747-z.
The presence of a polymicrobial dysbiotic film in direct and constant contact with periodontal tissues initiates the host immune response. Interleukin 18 (IL-18) triggers up-regulates the production of other proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6), creating a vicious cycle that expands the inflammatory and destructive process in the periodontal tissue. A systematic review and meta-analysis was carried out with the main propose to investigate IL-18 expression in different biological samples from subjects with chronic periodontitis.
The protocol followed PRISMA guidelines and was registered in Open Science Framework (OSF): https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/BS9GM . A digital search was conducted in the databases PubMed, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, Web of Science and Dentistry & Oral Sciences Source databases were consulted from March 15th, 2005 to February 10th, 2023. Study quality was assessed using the JBI tool for cross-sectional studies and clinical trials. A meta-analysis was performed using a random/fixed effects model to evaluate the concentration of IL-18 in serum, plasma, saliva, gingival tissue and GCF of exposure group compared to control group.
The search strategy provided a total of 3,156 articles, of which 18 investigations met the inclusion criteria and 15 articles were quantitatively analyzed. The total number of patients studied was 1,275 (682 cases and 593 controls). The meta-analysis revealed significantly elevated IL-18 levels of serum, saliva and GCF of subjects with chronic periodontitis compared to healthy subjects (Serum: SMD = 62.73, 95%CI: 25.43-100.03, Z = 3.29, p = 0.001*; Saliva: SMD = 243.63, 95%CI: 8.68-478.59, Z = 2.03, p = 0.042*; GCF: SMD = 150.26, 95%CI: 56.86-243.66, Z = 3.15, p = 0.02*).
IL-18 levels in serum, saliva and GCF could have the potential to be used as complementary diagnostic tools to the clinical and radiographic parameters in subjects with periodontitis.
与牙周组织直接且持续接触的多微生物失调膜会引发宿主免疫反应。白细胞介素 18（IL-18）触发并上调其他促炎细胞因子（TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6）的产生，形成一个恶性循环，从而扩大牙周组织中的炎症和破坏过程。进行了一项系统评价和荟萃分析，主要目的是研究慢性牙周炎患者不同生物样本中的 IL-18 表达。
该方案遵循 PRISMA 指南，并在 Open Science Framework（OSF）上注册：https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/BS9GM。从 2005 年 3 月 15 日至 2023 年 2 月 10 日，在 PubMed、ScienceDirect、Google Scholar、Web of Science 和 Dentistry & Oral Sciences Source 数据库中进行了数字检索。使用 JBI 工具评估横断面研究和临床试验的研究质量。使用随机/固定效应模型进行荟萃分析，以评估暴露组与对照组相比血清、血浆、唾液、牙龈组织和龈沟液中 IL-18 的浓度。
搜索策略共提供了 3156 篇文章，其中 18 项研究符合纳入标准，15 项文章进行了定量分析。总共研究了 1275 名患者（682 例病例和 593 例对照）。荟萃分析显示，与健康受试者相比，慢性牙周炎患者的血清、唾液和龈沟液中 IL-18 水平显著升高（血清：SMD=62.73，95%CI：25.43-100.03，Z=3.29，p=0.001*；唾液：SMD=243.63，95%CI：8.68-478.59，Z=2.03，p=0.042*；龈沟液：SMD=150.26，95%CI：56.86-243.66，Z=3.15，p=0.02*）。
血清、唾液和龈沟液中的 IL-18 水平有可能成为牙周炎患者临床和影像学参数的补充诊断工具。
