Beck Astrid L, Bräuner Elvira V, Hauser Russ, Lim Youn-Hee, Uldbjerg Cecilie S, Juul Anders
Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital-Rigshospitalet, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
International Centre for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Copenhagen University Hospital-Rigshospitalet, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
Life (Basel). 2023 Feb 23;13(3):618. doi: 10.3390/life13030618.
Maternal exposure to cigarette smoke in pregnancy may play a role in the development of testicular cancer in offspring. An updated and comprehensive systematic review of the available evidence is needed.
To identify and evaluate current evidence on maternal exposure to cigarette smoke during pregnancy and testicular cancer in offspring.
A systematic search of English peer-reviewed original literature in PubMed through a block search approach. Publications were considered if assessing maternal exposure to cigarette smoke and the risk of testicular cancer in offspring.
Among the 636 identified records, 14 publications were eligible for review and 10 for meta-analysis. Quality assessment of the publications was conducted. Most included publications were case-control studies ( = 11, 79%), while the remaining were ecological studies ( = 3, 21%). Completeness of reporting was high, but more than half were considered subject to potential bias. The trend synthesis showed that half ( = 7) of the included publications demonstrated a higher risk of testicular cancer in the sons of mothers exposed to cigarette smoke during pregnancy. The meta-analysis generated an overall summary risk estimate of 1.00 (95% CI: 0.88; 1.15) ( = 10 publications), with a lower risk for seminoma (0.79, 95% CI: 0.59; 1.04) and nonseminoma (0.96, 95% CI: 0.74; 1.26) ( = 4 publications).
This systematic review did not provide evidence of an association between maternal exposure to cigarette smoke and risk of testicular cancer in offspring. An overall positive trend was suggested, but it had low statistical precision. The methodological limitations across publications encourage further research based on valid exposure data.
孕期母亲接触香烟烟雾可能在子代睾丸癌的发生中起作用。需要对现有证据进行更新且全面的系统评价。
识别并评估关于孕期母亲接触香烟烟雾与子代睾丸癌的当前证据。
通过分组检索法在PubMed中对英文同行评审的原始文献进行系统检索。若评估孕期母亲接触香烟烟雾与子代睾丸癌风险，则纳入相关出版物。
在636条识别记录中，14篇出版物符合综述标准，10篇符合荟萃分析标准。对这些出版物进行了质量评估。纳入的大多数出版物为病例对照研究（n = 11，79%），其余为生态学研究（n = 3，21%）。报告完整性较高，但超过半数被认为存在潜在偏倚。趋势综合分析显示，纳入的出版物中有一半（n = 7）表明孕期接触香烟烟雾的母亲所生儿子患睾丸癌的风险更高。荟萃分析得出的总体汇总风险估计值为1.00（95%CI：0.88；1.15）（n = 10篇出版物），精原细胞瘤风险较低（0.79，95%CI：0.59；1.04），非精原细胞瘤风险为（0.96，95%CI：0.74；1.26）（n = 4篇出版物）。
本系统评价未提供孕期母亲接触香烟烟雾与子代睾丸癌风险之间存在关联的证据。虽显示出总体呈阳性趋势，但统计精度较低。各出版物的方法学局限性促使基于有效暴露数据开展进一步研究。
