Martínez-Sabando Javier, Coin Francesco, Melillo Jorge H, Goyanes Silvia, Cerveny Silvina
Centro de Física de Materiales (CSIC, UPV/EHU)-Materials Physics Center (MPC), Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 5, 20018 San Sebastián, Spain.
Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), 20018 San Sebastián, Spain.
Materials (Basel). 2023 Mar 9;16(6):2207. doi: 10.3390/ma16062207.
Climate change and water are inseparably connected. Extreme weather events cause water to become more scarce, polluted, and erratic than ever. Therefore, we urgently need to develop solutions to reduce water contamination. This review intends to demonstrate that pectin-based materials are an excellent route to detect and mitigate pollutants from water, with several benefits. Pectin is a biodegradable polymer, extractable from vegetables, and contains several hydroxyl and carboxyl groups that can easily interact with the contaminant ions. In addition, pectin-based materials can be prepared in different forms (films, hydrogels, or beads) and cross-linked with several agents to change their molecular structure. Consequently, the pectin-based adsorbents can be tuned to remove diverse pollutants. Here, we will summarize the existing water remediation technologies highlighting adsorption as the ideal method. Then, the focus will be on the chemical structure of pectin and, from a historical perspective, on its structure after applying different cross-linking methods. Finally, we will review the application of pectin as an adsorbent of water pollutants considering the pectin of low degree methoxylation.
气候变化与水息息相关。极端天气事件导致水资源比以往任何时候都更加稀缺、受到污染且变化无常。因此，我们迫切需要开发减少水污染的解决方案。本综述旨在证明基于果胶的材料是检测和减轻水中污染物的一条极佳途径，具有诸多益处。果胶是一种可生物降解的聚合物，可从蔬菜中提取，含有多个能轻松与污染物离子相互作用的羟基和羧基。此外，基于果胶的材料可以制备成不同形式（薄膜、水凝胶或珠子），并与多种试剂交联以改变其分子结构。因此，基于果胶的吸附剂可以进行调整以去除各种污染物。在此，我们将总结现有的水修复技术，突出吸附作为理想方法。然后，重点将放在果胶的化学结构上，并从历史角度探讨应用不同交联方法后它的结构。最后，我们将考虑低甲氧基化果胶，综述果胶作为水污染物吸附剂的应用。
