Bächle Jörg, Merle Cordula, Hahnel Sebastian, Rosentritt Martin
Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, UKR University Hospital Regensburg, 93043 Regensburg, Germany.
Materials (Basel). 2023 Mar 16;16(6):2373. doi: 10.3390/ma16062373.
The microbiological behavior of dental polymer materials is crucial to secure the clinical success of dental restorations. Here, the manufacturing process and the machining can play a decisive role. This study investigated the bacterial adhesion on dental polymers as a function of manufacturing techniques (additive/subtractive) and different polishing protocols. Specimens were made from polyaryletherketone (PEEK, PEKK, and AKP), resin-based CAD/CAM materials (composite and PMMA), and printed methacrylate (MA)-based materials. Surface roughness (R; R) was determined using a laser scanning microscope, and SFE/contact angles were measured using the sessile drop method. After salivary pellicle formation, in vitro biofilm formation was initiated by exposing the specimens to suspensions of () and (). Adherent bacteria were quantified using a fluorometric assay. One-way ANOVA analysis found significant influences ( < 0.001) for the individual parameters (treatment and material) and their combinations for both types of bacteria. Stronger polishing led to significantly ( < 0.001) less adhesion of (Pearson correlation PC = -0.240) and (PC = -0.206). A highly significant ( = 0.010, PC = 0.135) correlation between adhesion and R was identified. Post hoc analysis revealed significant higher bacterial adhesion for vertically printed MA specimens compared to horizontally printed specimens. Furthermore, significant higher adhesion of on pressed PEEK was revealed comparing to the other manufacturing methods (milling, injection molding, and 3D printing). The milled PAEK samples showed similar bacterial adhesion. In general, the resin-based materials, composites, and PAEKs showed different bacterial adhesion. Fabrication methods were shown to play a critical role; the pressed PEEK showed the highest initial accumulations. Horizontal DLP fabrication reduced bacterial adhesion. Roughness < 10 µm or polishing appear to be essential for reducing bacterial adhesion.
牙科聚合物材料的微生物学行为对于确保牙科修复体的临床成功至关重要。在此，制造工艺和加工过程可能起着决定性作用。本研究调查了牙科聚合物上的细菌粘附情况，该情况是制造技术（增材/减材）和不同抛光方案的函数。样本由聚芳醚酮（PEEK、PEKK和AKP）、树脂基CAD/CAM材料（复合材料和聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯）以及打印的甲基丙烯酸酯（MA）基材料制成。使用激光扫描显微镜测定表面粗糙度（R；R），并使用静滴法测量表面自由能/接触角。在形成唾液薄膜后，通过将样本暴露于（）和（）的悬浮液中来启动体外生物膜形成。使用荧光测定法定量粘附的细菌。单向方差分析发现，对于两种细菌类型的各个参数（处理和材料）及其组合均有显著影响（<0.001）。更强的抛光导致（<0.001）显著减少（皮尔逊相关系数PC = -0.240）和（PC = -0.206）的粘附。确定了粘附与R之间高度显著的相关性（= 0.010，PC = 0.135）。事后分析显示，与水平打印的样本相比，垂直打印的MA样本的细菌粘附显著更高。此外，与其他制造方法（铣削、注塑成型和3D打印）相比，压制PEEK上的粘附显著更高。铣削的PAEK样本显示出相似的细菌粘附。总体而言，树脂基材料、复合材料和PAEKs表现出不同的细菌粘附。制造方法显示出起着关键作用；压制的PEEK显示出最高的初始积聚。水平数字光处理制造减少了细菌粘附。粗糙度<10 µm或抛光似乎对于减少细菌粘附至关重要。
