Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey.
Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Van Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, 65080, Turkey.
Clin Oral Investig. 2022 Aug;26(8):5289-5299. doi: 10.1007/s00784-022-04497-8. Epub 2022 Apr 26.
The aim of this study is to evaluate the adhesion of Streptococcus mutans on the surface of CAD/CAM materials with various surface treatments.
Vita Enamic, Lava Ultimate, and Cerasmart materials were used in this study. A total of 90 samples were prepared (n = 10). After various finishing and polishing procedures (non-polished, manual polished, and glazed), surface roughness (SR) measurements, surface free energy (SFE), and elemental and topographic analysis with FIB-SEM/EDX were used to evaluate the samples' surface properties. To improve bacterial adhesion, CAD/CAM materials were covered with sterile artificial saliva containing mucin for pellicle formation and incubated for 1 h at 37 °C. Bacteria were then inoculated into the pellicle-coated specimens, and incubation was performed at 37 °C for 24 h. Bacterial adhesion was determined as × 10 CFU/mL and monitored using FIB-SEM analysis. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to statistically analyze the normality of the distribution; the groups were then compared using one-way ANOVA and Tukey's test.
The SR of the control group was statistically higher in all materials (p < 0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in SR between all materials in the non-polished and manual polished groups (p > 0.05). The Vita Enamic control group exhibited the highest SFE value. The highest S. mutans adhesion was observed in non-polished (p < 0.05). Vita Enamic samples had higher CFU than other groups.
Non-polished surfaces showed higher SR and bacterial adhesion. Polishing processes affected the surface properties and bacterial adhesion.
Care must be taken in polishing restorations to minimize the risk of bacterial adhesion and recurrent caries.
In this study, the materials used for dental treatments are in vitro evaluated. Due to that, this study is not registered to clinical trials.
本研究旨在评估不同表面处理的 CAD/CAM 材料表面对变异链球菌的黏附情况。
本研究使用 Vita Enamic、Lava Ultimate 和 Cerasmart 三种材料。共制备 90 个样本（n=10）。在进行各种精整和抛光程序（未抛光、手动抛光和上釉）后，使用表面粗糙度（SR）测量、表面自由能（SFE）以及 FIB-SEM/EDX 元素和形貌分析来评估样品的表面性能。为了增强细菌黏附性，将 CAD/CAM 材料覆盖在含有黏蛋白的无菌人工唾液中以形成黏膜，然后在 37°C 下孵育 1 小时。然后将细菌接种到涂有黏膜的标本中，并在 37°C 下孵育 24 小时。通过 FIB-SEM 分析监测细菌黏附性，以每毫升×10 CFU 表示。使用 Kolmogorov-Smirnov 检验对分布的正态性进行统计分析；然后使用单因素方差分析和 Tukey 检验对各组进行比较。
在所有材料中，对照组的 SR 均具有统计学意义（p<0.05）。在非抛光和手动抛光组中，所有材料之间的 SR 无统计学差异（p>0.05）。对照组 Vita Enamic 的 SFE 值最高。非抛光组的 S. mutans 黏附率最高（p<0.05）。Vita Enamic 样本的 CFU 高于其他组。
非抛光表面的 SR 和细菌黏附性更高。抛光过程会影响表面性能和细菌黏附性。
在抛光修复体时应谨慎操作，以最大程度降低细菌黏附及龋齿复发的风险。
在本研究中，对用于牙科治疗的材料进行了体外评估。由于这一点，本研究未在临床试验中注册。
