益生菌的群体感应抑制活性：作用机制及其在食品和肠道健康中的作用
Anti-Quorum Sensing Activity of Probiotics: The Mechanism and Role in Food and Gut Health.
作者信息
Salman Mohammed Kamal, Abuqwider Jumana, Mauriello Gianluigi
机构信息
Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80055 Portici, Italy.
出版信息
Microorganisms. 2023 Mar 20;11(3):793. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms11030793.
BACKGROUND
Quorum sensing (QS) is a cell-to-cell communication mechanism that occurs between inter- and intra-bacterial species and is regulated by signaling molecules called autoinducers (AIs). It has been suggested that probiotics can exert a QS inhibitory effect through their metabolites.
PURPOSE
To provide an overview of (1) the anti-QS activity of probiotics and its mechanism against foodborne pathogenic and spoilage bacteria; (2) the potential role of the QS of probiotics in gut health; and (3) the impact of microencapsulation on QS.
RESULTS
species have been extensively studied for their anti-QS activity and have been found to effectively disrupt QS in vitro. However, their effectiveness in a food matrix is yet to be determined as they interfere with the AI receptor or its synthesis. QS plays an important role in both the biofilm formation of probiotics and pathogenic bacteria. Moreover, in vitro and animal studies have shown that QS molecules can modulate cytokine responses and gut dysbiosis and maintain intestinal barrier function. In this scenario, microencapsulation was found to enhance AI activity. However, its impact on the anti-QS activity of probiotics and its underlying mechanism remains unclear.
CONCLUSIONS
Probiotics are potential candidates to block QS activity in foodborne pathogenic and food spoilage bacteria. Microencapsulation increases QS efficacy. However, more research is still needed for the identification of the QS inhibitory metabolites from probiotics and for the elucidation of the anti-QS mechanism of probiotics (microcapsules and free cells) in food and the human gut.
背景
群体感应（QS）是一种在细菌种间和种内发生的细胞间通讯机制，由称为自诱导物（AIs）的信号分子调控。有人提出益生菌可通过其代谢产物发挥群体感应抑制作用。
目的
综述（1）益生菌的抗群体感应活性及其对食源性病原体和腐败菌的作用机制；（2）益生菌群体感应在肠道健康中的潜在作用；（3）微胶囊化对群体感应的影响。
结果
已对多种益生菌的抗群体感应活性进行了广泛研究，发现它们能在体外有效破坏群体感应。然而，由于它们会干扰自诱导物受体或其合成，其在食品基质中的有效性尚待确定。群体感应在益生菌和病原菌的生物膜形成中均起重要作用。此外，体外和动物研究表明，群体感应分子可调节细胞因子反应和肠道菌群失调，并维持肠道屏障功能。在这种情况下，发现微胶囊化可增强自诱导物活性。然而，其对益生菌抗群体感应活性的影响及其潜在机制仍不清楚。
结论
益生菌是阻断食源性病原体和食品腐败菌群体感应活性的潜在候选物。微胶囊化可提高群体感应功效。然而，仍需要更多研究来鉴定益生菌的群体感应抑制代谢产物，并阐明益生菌（微胶囊和游离细胞）在食品和人体肠道中的抗群体感应机制。
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