Probiotic-Based Cleaning Solutions: From Research Hypothesis to Infection Control Applications.

Novel infection control practices are necessary to reduce the incidence of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs). Since 2007, probiotic-based cleaning solutions have been proposed as an alternative to traditional methods using disinfectants and detergents in healthcare settings, including hospitals. We conducted a comprehensive search across Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science resources. Studies that assessed the reduction in pathogens on surfaces and the emergence of HAIs after the use of probiotic-based cleaning solutions were eligible for evaluation. A total of 16 studies (13 in clinical settings and 3 on experimental surfaces) were included. The species were most commonly identified before and after the use of probiotic-based cleaning solutions. All studies showed numerically lower pathogen counts and fewer HAIs after using probiotic-based cleaning solutions compared to disinfectants and detergents. Three studies indicated a reduction in antimicrobial resistance genes after use of probiotic-based cleaning solutions. One of these showed statistically significant differences compared to traditional disinfectants (alcohol, amines, and quaternary ammonium compounds) and detergents (non-ionic and anionic surfactants). The results of the included studies suggest the consideration of probiotic-based cleaning solutions for infection control in healthcare systems. However, given the novelty of this approach, further studies are needed to verify the evaluated findings and investigate the short- and long-term effectiveness, and safety of probiotic-based cleaning solutions on infection control practices in healthcare settings.