Saunders-Hastings Patrick, Zhou Cindy Ke, Hobbi Shayan, Boyd Eva, Lloyd Patricia, Alawar Nader, Burrell Timothy, Beers Jeff, Clarke Tainya C, Hettinger Aaron Z, Wong Hui-Lee, Shoaibi Azadeh
Gevity Consulting Inc., part of Accenture, Ottawa, ON K1P 1A4, Canada.
Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA.
Pathogens. 2023 Mar 1;12(3):390. doi: 10.3390/pathogens12030390.
COVID-19 infections have contributed to substantial increases in hospitalizations. This study describes demographics, baseline clinical characteristics and treatments, and clinical outcomes among U.S. patients admitted to hospitals with COVID-19 during the prevaccine phase of the pandemic. A total of 20,446 hospitalized patients with a positive COVID-19 nucleic acid amplification test were identified from three large electronic health record databases during 5 February-30 November 2020 (Academic Health System: = 4504; Explorys; = 7492; OneFlorida: = 8450). Over 90% of patients were ≥30 years of age, with an even distribution between sexes. At least one comorbidity was recorded in 84.6-96.1% of patients; cardiovascular and respiratory conditions (28.8-50.3%) and diabetes (25.6-44.4%) were most common. Anticoagulants were the most frequently reported medications on or up to 28 days after admission (44.5-81.7%). Remdesivir was administered to 14.1-24.6% of patients and increased over time. Patients exhibited higher COVID-19 severity 14 days following admission than the 14 days prior to and on admission. The length of in-patient hospital stay ranged from a median of 4 to 6 days, and over 85% of patients were discharged alive. These results promote understanding of the clinical characteristics and hospital-resource utilization associated with hospitalized COVID-19 over time.
新冠病毒感染导致住院人数大幅增加。本研究描述了在大流行的疫苗接种前阶段，美国因新冠病毒感染住院患者的人口统计学特征、基线临床特征与治疗情况以及临床结局。2020年2月5日至11月30日期间，从三个大型电子健康记录数据库中识别出总共20446例新冠病毒核酸扩增检测呈阳性的住院患者（学术医疗系统：4504例；Explorys：7492例；OneFlorida：8450例）。超过90%的患者年龄≥30岁，男女分布均匀。84.6%至96.1%的患者记录有至少一种合并症；心血管和呼吸系统疾病（28.8%至50.3%）以及糖尿病（25.6%至44.4%）最为常见。抗凝剂是入院时或入院后至多28天报告最多的药物（44.5%至81.7%）。14.1%至24.6%的患者接受了瑞德西韦治疗，且随时间增加。患者入院后14天的新冠病情严重程度高于入院前14天及入院时。住院时间中位数为4至6天，超过85%的患者存活出院。这些结果有助于增进对新冠病毒感染住院患者临床特征及医院资源利用情况随时间变化的理解。
