Fernández Silvina, Zegbi Sara, Sagües Federica, Iglesias Lucía, Guerrero Inés, Saumell Carlos
Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil, UNCPBA-CICPBA CONICET, Tandil 7000, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Departamento de Sanidad Animal y Medicina Preventiva, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Tandil 7000, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Pathogens. 2023 Mar 1;12(3):401. doi: 10.3390/pathogens12030401.
The purpose of using nematophagous fungi as biological control agents of gastrointestinal nematodes of livestock is to reduce the build-up of infective larvae on pasture and thus avoid clinical and subclinical disease. As the interaction of fungus-larval stages takes place in the environment, it is crucial to know how useful the fungal agents are throughout the seasons in areas where livestock graze all year-round. This study was designed to determine the predatory ability of the nematophagous fungus against gastrointestinal nematodes of cattle during four experiments set up in different seasons. In each experiment, faeces containing eggs of gastrointestinal nematodes were mixed with 11,000 chlamydospores/g and deposited on pasture plots. A comparison between fungal-added faeces and control faeces without fungus were made with regard to pasture infectivity, larval presence in faecal pats, faecal cultures, faecal pat weight, and temperature inside the faecal mass. In three of the four experiments, significantly reduced the population of infective larvae in cultures (68 to 97%), on herbage (80 to 100%), and inside the faecal pats (70 to 95%). The study demonstrated the possibility of counting on a biological control tool throughout most of the year in cattle regions with extensive grazing seasons.
将食线虫真菌用作家畜胃肠道线虫的生物防治剂，目的是减少牧场上感染性幼虫的积累，从而避免临床和亚临床疾病。由于真菌与幼虫阶段的相互作用在环境中发生，因此了解在全年放牧家畜的地区，这些真菌制剂在各个季节的有效性至关重要。本研究旨在通过在不同季节进行的四项实验，确定食线虫真菌对牛胃肠道线虫的捕食能力。在每项实验中，将含有胃肠道线虫卵的粪便与11,000个厚垣孢子/克混合，并放置在牧场地块上。对添加真菌的粪便和不含真菌的对照粪便在牧场感染性、粪便块中的幼虫存在情况、粪便培养物、粪便块重量以及粪便团内部温度方面进行了比较。在四项实验中的三项中，显著降低了培养物中（68%至97%）、牧草上（80%至100%）以及粪便块内（70%至95%）感染性幼虫的数量。该研究表明，在放牧季节较长的牛养殖地区，全年大部分时间都有可能依靠一种生物防治工具。
